汉、宋学术之争是中国思想史上最大的争论之一，也是清代学术界长期聚讼的一个主题，清代前期的许多学者都卷入了这场学术大讨论中。编纂于乾隆时期的《四库全书总目》恰恰反映了这一清代学术发展的趋势和状况，提出了经学史上著名的汉、宋二派说，体现了明显的重汉学、轻宋学的学术倾向，其秉持的学术态度和倾向作为一种思想红线，贯穿于《四库全书总目》的学术批评始终，成为《四库全书总目》经学观的精神内核和精髓。

The academic debate on Sinology and Neo-Confucianism in Song Dynasty is not only one of the biggest contentious issues in Chinese ideological history, but also a hot topic in the academic circle of the Qing Dynasty. Many scholars in the early Qing Dynasty were involved in the discussion. General Catalog of Si Ku Quan Shu, which was compiled in Qianlong period, precisely reflects the academic trend and status of the academic development in Qing Dynasty and puts forward the two famous groups of Sinology and Neo-Confucianism in Han and Song Dynasty which embodies the tendency of attaching more importance to Sinology than to Neo-Confucianism in Song Dynasty. The academic attitude and tendency run as an ideological line through the academic criticism of General Catalog of Si Ku Quan Shu, and becomes the spiritual essence of General Catalog of Si Ku Quan Shu.