[目的/意义] 学科交叉文献发现是进行学科交叉研究的重要前提，从海量的文献中快速、精准地发现领域相关交叉文献有助于研究人员快速地把握领域学科交叉动态，识别领域学科交叉研究热点与前沿。提出基于Rao-Stirling指数的领域学科交叉文献发现方法，并以纳米科学与纳米技术领域为例，探讨该方法的可行性。[方法/过程] 在Web of Science数据库下载纳米科学与纳米技术领域文献，构建期刊缩写-全称-学科类别对照表，利用Python编程构建文献参考文献学科分布矩阵，利用R编程计算每篇文献的Rao-Stirling指数进行文献的学科交叉测度，根据测度结果将纳米科学与纳米技术领域文献按照学科交叉程度分为三个水平，以发现领域学科交叉文献。[结果/结论] 基于Rao-Stirling指数的领域学科交叉文献发现方法可以实现领域文献水平的学科交叉测度，并发现学科交叉文献，且该研究方法也同样可扩展到其他研究领域。
[Purpose/significance] Discovering the interdisciplinary literature is an important prerequisite for interdisciplinary research. Finding domain-related interdisciplinary publications from vast amounts of literature quickly and accurately will help researchers understand the new tendency of interdisciplinarity and identify the focal and hot themes of the field rapidly. This paper presents a novel approach to discover the interdisciplinary literature based on Rao-Stirling diversity indices. Focusing on the case study in the field of nanoscience & nanotechnology, we discussed the feasibility of the method.[Method/process] Based on the nanoscience and nanotechnology publications in the Web of Science, we mapped references to the Web of Science Category, constructed the subject distribution matrix and calculated the interdisciplinary measure indices of the documents based on Python and R to find the interdisciplinary literature.[Result/conclusion] The paper shows that the interdisciplinary literature discovery method based on Rao-Stirling diversity indices can measure the degree of interdisciplinarity in the publication level and discover the interdisciplinary publications in the field of nanoscience and nanotechnology. The method could be applied to other research fields.
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