图书情报工作 ›› 2021, Vol. 65 ›› Issue (9): 3-15.DOI: 10.13266/j.issn.0252-3116.2021.09.001

• 理论研究 •    下一篇

档案数据化过程中语义组织的内涵、特点与原理解析

祁天娇, 冯惠玲   

  1. 中国人民大学信息资源管理学院 北京 100872
  • 收稿日期:2020-11-13 修回日期:2021-02-02 出版日期:2021-05-05 发布日期:2021-06-02
  • 作者简介:祁天娇(ORCID:0000-0001-5595-4774),博士,博士后,E-mail:qtjjoy@163.com;冯惠玲(ORCID:0000-0003-4800-1259),教授,博士。

The Connotation,Characteristics and Principle Analysis of Semantic Organization in the Process of Archival Datalization

Qi Tianjiao, Feng Huiling   

  1. School of Information Resource Management, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872
  • Received:2020-11-13 Revised:2021-02-02 Online:2021-05-05 Published:2021-06-02

摘要: [目的/意义] 档案数据化阶段,档案利用与服务需要满足用户在数据层级的需求,突破页面级阅读和文件级利用的限制,这就要求在组织环节构建起语义层级的档案组织新模式,以实现对档案内容、背景与结构数据的细颗粒分析与挖掘,面向档案资源增值、开发与智能化知识服务做好资源、方法与技术的准备。[方法/过程] 采用文献调研与案例分析等方法,立足档案数据化阶段特征,分析档案语义、语义关联和语义组织的基本内涵,比较分析档案与其他信息资源在语义组织过程中的区别与特性,探索在语义完整、链式关联以及网络多维原则下开展档案语义向内组织与向外组织的基本原理。[结果/结论] 档案语义组织是基于数据的含义与关联开展的档案组织新模式,旨在从档案资源的内容、背景与结构数据中发现语义与语义关联。档案语义组织是实现档案数据化的核心环节,是实现档案机器可理解、机器可操作的关键一步。通过档案语义组织,原本离散、分布、领域依赖的档案内容、背景与结构数据能够含义明确化、编码形式化、关系链接化,档案数据得以被机器可理解、可操作,档案自动化关联组织、存储与提供利用成为可能,从而最终支持基于人机交互、机机交互的档案资源智能化获取、利用与服务。

关键词: 档案, 档案数据化, 语义, 语义关联, 语义组织

Abstract: [Purpose/significance] In the stage of archival datalization, archival utilization and service need to meet the new needs on the data level, breaking through the limitation of page level reading and file level using. This requests a new semantic organization mode for archives, supporting deep mining and analysis on the data in archival content, context and structure, to prepare resource, methods and technologies for archival value enrichment, resource development and intelligent knowledge services.[Method/process] Based on the phase characteristics of archival datalization, through literature investigation and cases study, this paper analyzed the basic connotation of archival semantic, semantic relation and semantic organization, compared the differences and features of archival semantic organization with the semantic organization of other information resources, and explored the theoretical framework of archival inward and outward semantic organization under the principles of semantic integrity, chain association and multi-dimensional network.[Result/conclusion] Archival semantic organization is carries out based on the meaning and linkage of data, aimed at finding the semantic relation from the content, background and structure data of archives. The archival semantic organization is the key link to realize the archival datalization and the key step to realize the archival machine-understandable and machine-operable. Through archival semantic organization, the originally scattered, disturbed and field-dependent archival content, background and structure data, could have clear definition, formal expression and associated links. Archival data could be machine-understandable and machine-operable. It is possible for archival resources to be organized, preserved and used automatically with linkages, thus eventually support the intelligent acquisition and utilization of archives based on human-machine and machine-machine interaction.

Key words: archives, archival datalization, semantics, semantic relation, semantic organization

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