图书情报工作 ›› 2022, Vol. 66 ›› Issue (22): 119-133.DOI: 10.13266/j.issn.0252-3116.2022.22.011

• 知识组织 • 上一篇    下一篇

政策工具视角下欧美国家与国际组织开放科学政策文本分析及其启示

姜天海, 贾萍萍, 张增一   

  1. 中国科学院大学人文学院 北京 100049
  • 收稿日期:2022-05-06 修回日期:2022-09-02 出版日期:2022-11-20 发布日期:2022-12-02
  • 通讯作者: 张增一,中国科学院大学人文学院党委书记兼副院长,教授,博士,博士生导师,通信作者,E-mail:zhzy@ucas.ac.cn
  • 作者简介:姜天海,博士研究生;贾萍萍,博士研究生。

Content Analysis and Enlightenment of Open Science Policies by European and American Countries

Jiang Tianhai, Jia Pingping, Zhang Zengyi   

  1. School of Humanities, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049
  • Received:2022-05-06 Revised:2022-09-02 Online:2022-11-20 Published:2022-12-02

摘要: [目的/意义] 政策体系是推动开放科学发展的基本制度保障,利用政策工具分析欧美国家与国际组织发布的94份开放科学政策文本特征,为中国开放科学政策制定提供参考。[方法/过程] 提出政策工具、科研生命周期与政策客体三维政策分析框架,采用文本分析方法解析政策发布、内容、结构等特征。[结果/结论] 政策发布频率升高,发布地区和发布主体多元,政策关注问题呈现社会化向度,特别是新冠肺炎疫情暴发后社会问题关注增高,开放科学将是未来国际科学政策热点。中国开放科学政策规划正处于萌芽期,建议基于国际既有经验加强顶层设计,重视协调机制,致力于解决科研系统内部与社会外部问题并举,优化政策工具结构,覆盖科学全生命周期,建立具有我国特色的开放科学政策体系。

关键词: 开放科学, 政策工具, 内容分析

Abstract: [Purpose/Significance] Policy system serves as a basic institutional guarantee to promote the development of open science. This paper utilizes policy tools to study the characteristics of 94 open science policies initiated by European and American countries and international organizations, aiming to provide reference for China’s open science policymaking. [Method/Process] It explored a three-dimension policy analysis framework of policy tools, research life cycle and policy object, and used text analysis method to analyze policy features of release, content, structure, etc. [Result/Conclusion] Results show an increase in policy releases, diversity in releasing regions and entities, a social dimension presented by policy concerns, higher attention to societal challenges, especially after the COVID-19 outbreak, and that open science will be the hotspot for future global science policies. The open science policy-making in China is still in the early stage, the policy implications based on international experiences include: strengthen top-level design and coordination mechanism, aim at solving problems within the science community and external social problems, optimize the structure of policy tools and take a holistic approach to the open research life cycle, aiming to establish an open science policy system that fits the Chinese scientific community.

Key words: open science, policy tool, content analysis

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