西方国家公共信息资源定价问题研究综述

doi:10.13266/j.issn.0252-3116.2014.11.019

图书情报工作 ›› 2014, Vol. 58 ›› Issue (11): 130-136.DOI: 10.13266/j.issn.0252-3116.2014.11.019

西方国家公共信息资源定价问题研究综述

夏义堃

武汉大学信息资源研究中心

收稿日期:2014-04-04 修回日期:2014-05-05 出版日期:2014-06-05 发布日期:2014-06-05
作者简介:夏义堃，武汉大学信息资源研究中心兼职研究员，E-mail：xyk@whu.edu.cn。
基金资助:
本文系国家自然科会基金面上项目“开放数据下公共信息资源再利用体系的重构研究”（项目编号：71373195）研究成果之一。

A Review of the Research on Public Information’s Pricing Problems in Western Countries

Xia Yikun

Information Resources Research Center, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072

Received:2014-04-04 Revised:2014-05-05 Online:2014-06-05 Published:2014-06-05

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

以西方国家公共信息资源开发利用中的定价问题为研究对象，分析公共信息资源定价问题的形成和复杂性，梳理人们支持或反对公共信息资源定价的理由，对影响信息定价的因素和如何进行定价进行总结。同时，从资金支持、市场激励、效益发挥和用户获取等视角深入探讨成本回收定价与边际成本定价的利弊，进而从不同定价模式的实践效果比较中，指出边际成本定价或免费正在成为当前公共信息资源定价的首要选择。

关键词: 西方国家, 公共信息资源, 定价模式

Abstract:

Focusing on western countries' related literatures, this thesis has carried on a discussion in terms of pricing problem in public information development, analyzing the complexity of charging and how pricing issues generated, then,summarizes different attitudes to public information pricing and factors which could affect how to price. Meanwhile, from the perspective of funding, market incentives, benefits and users access, it also explores the pros and cons between models of cost recovery pricing and marginal cost pricing. In the end, by comparing practical effects of different pricing models, it points out that marginal cost pricing/free is becoming the first choice of the current.

Key words: western countries, public information, pricing models

中图分类号:

G203
G358

夏义堃. 西方国家公共信息资源定价问题研究综述[J]. 图书情报工作, 2014, 58(11): 130-136.

Xia Yikun. A Review of the Research on Public Information’s Pricing Problems in Western Countries[J]. LIS, 2014, 58(11): 130-136.

参考文献

[1] Uhlir P F, Sharif R M. Measuring the social and economic cost and benefits of public information online: Review of the literature and future directions[C]//The Socioeconomic Effects of Public Sector Information on Digital Networks: Toward a Better Understanding of Different Access and Reuse Policies: Workshop Summary.Washington:The National Academies Press,2009:61-68.

[2] Shapiro C, Varian H.信息规则—— 网络经济的策略指导[M].张帆,译.北京:中国人民大学出版社,2000.

[3] Kingma B R. The Economics of Information: A Guide to Economic and Cost-Benefit Analysis for Information Professionals[M]. 2nd ed. Englewood CO: Libraries Unlimited, 2001.

[4] Smith D. The commercialization and privatization of government information[J]. Government Publications Review, 1985(12):45-63.

[5] Nilsen K. Enhancing access to government information: Economic theory as it applies to statistics Canada[EB/OL].[2013-09-22].http://www.oecd.org/sti/ieconomy/40066153.pdf.

[6] Marc de Vries. Charging for PSI re-use:A snap shot of the state of affairs in Europe[EB/OL].[2013-12-06].http://epsiplatform.eu/sites/default/files/Topic%20Report%20pricing_final%201.3.pdf.

[7] Cross M. One small step on a long-haul journey[EB/OL].[2013-03-15].http://technology.guardian.co.uk/weekly/story/0,,1781888,00.html.

[8] Weiss P, Backlund P. International information policy and conflict: Open and unrestricted access versus government commercialization[C]//Kahin B, Nesson C. Borders in Cyberspace: Information Policy and the Global Information Infrastructure. Cambridge:MIT Press,1997:300-321.

[9] Gellman R. The foundations of United States government information dissemination policy[C]//Aichholzer G, Burkert H. Public Sector Information in the Digital Age: Between Markets, Public Management and Citizens' Rights. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar, 2004:123-136.

[10] Starr P, Corson R. Who will have the numbers? The rise of the statistical services industry and the politics of public data[C]//Alonso W, Starr P. The Politics of Numbers. New York: Russell Sage Foundation, 1987:415-447.

[11] Nilsen K.Economic theory as it to statistics Canada: A review of the literature[EB/OL].[2013-10-09].http://www.epsiplatform.eu/.../Nilsen%20Economics%20Paper%2020...

[12] Bishop I D, Escobar F J, Karuppannan S, et al. Spatial data infrastructures for cities in developing countries-Lessons from the Bangkok experience[J]. Cities, 2000,17(2):85-96.

[13] Robinson D G, Yu Harlan, Zeller W P, et al. Government data and the invisible hand[J].Yale Journal of Law and Technology, 2009,11(1):160-175.

[14] Fritz H G. Research commercializing public information: A critical issue for governmental IS professionals[J]. Information & Management, 1995,28(4):229-241.

[15] Cook J S.Economic issues in funding and supplying public sector information[C]//Fitzgerald B. Access to Public Sector Information: Law, Technology And Policy. Sydney: Sydney University Press, 2010:14-47.

[16] Criteria for exceptions to marginal cost pricing[EB/OL].[2013-12-25]. http://nationalarchives.gov.uk/documents/information-management/exception-to-marginal-cost-pricing-application-guidelines.pdf.

[17] Saxb S.UK public sector information and re-use policy-A 2008 analysis[J]. International Journal of Private Law, 2008,1(3/4):229-255.

[18] Pénin J, Hussler C, Millot V, et al. The reuse of public sector information: An economic optimal pricing model[EB/OL].[2013-02-16].http://www.economie.gouv.fr/.../Executive_Summary_rapport_B...

[19] Pollock R, Newbery D, Bently L. Models of public sector information provision via trading funds[EB/OL].[2013-10-23].http://www.berr.gov.uk/files/file45136.pdf.

[20] Wauters P,Kapff L,de Vries M.Pricing of PSI study[EB/OL].[2013-11-13].http://epsiplatform.eu/sites/.../03_01_study_economic_deloitte.pdf.

[21] de Saulles M. When public meets private: Conflicts in information policy[J]. Info, 2007,9(6):10-16.

[22] Fornefeld M. The value to industry of PSI: The business sector perspective[C]//The Socioeconomic Effects of Public Sector Information on Digital Networks: Toward a Better Understanding of Different Access and Reuse Policies: Workshop Summary. Washington:The National Academies Press, 2009:10-16.

[23] Kranich N, Schement J R. Information commons[J]. Annual Review of Information Science and Technology, 2008,42(1):547-591.

[24] Nilsen K. Economic theory as it applies to public sector information[J].Annual Review of Information Science and Technology, 2010,44(1):419-489.

[25] Vries M. Reverse engineering Europe's PSI re-use rules towards an integrated conceptual framework for PSI re-use[EB/OL].[2013-06-30].http://epsiplatform.eu/.../Reverse%20engineering%20PSI%20re-use%...?

[26] PRIMET: The Association of Private Meteorological Services. Pricing of PSI in the Meteorological Sector blocks market development[EB/OL].[2013-12-26].http://www.primet.org/file/EU%20PSI%20Working%20Groups/Workshop%20Position%20paper%20final.pdf.

[27] Stiglitz J E. The contributions of the economics of information to twentieth century economics[J]. Quarterly Journal of Economics, 2000,115(4):1441-1478.

[28] Graham V.Review of recent studies on PSI re-use and related market developments[EB/OL].[2013-01-31].http://epsiplatform.eu/content/review-recent-psi-re-use-studies-published.

[29] Graves A. The price of everything but the value of nothing[EB/OL].[2013-05-24]. http://www.oecd.org/dataoecd/12/34/40066135.pdf.

[30] Advisory Panel on Public Sector Information[EB/OL].[2013-06-23]. http://www.appsi.gov.uk/minutes/2006-03-16.pdf.

[31] Welle Donker M. Different PSI access policies and their impact[C]//The Socioeconomic Effects of Public Sector Information on Digital Networks: Toward a Better Understanding of Different Access and Reuse Policies: Workshop Summary.Washington:The National Academies Press,2009:31-36.

[32] Webber S A E. Pricing and marketing online information services[J]. Annual Review of Information Science and Technology, 1998,33:39-83.

[33] Duncan J W. Technology costs and the new economics of statistics[M]//Alonso W, Starr P. The Politics of Numbers. New York: Russell Sage Foundation, 1987:395-413.

[34] DocEcon Ltd. Economic value and detriment analysis-A report prepared for the Office of Fair Trading[EB/OL].[2013-07-12].http://www.dotecon.com/publications/CUPI-detrimet.pdf.

[35] Commission of the European Communities.Reuse of public sector informaion-Review of Directive 2003/98/EC[R/OL].[2013-04-13].http://ec.europa.eu/information_ society/policy/psi/docs/pdfs/swd _ 070509/re-usepsi _ sec(2009). pdf.

[36] Pollock R.The economics of public sector information[EB/OL].[2013-07-28]. http://www.econ.cam.ac.uk/dae/repec/cam/pdf/cwpe0920.pdf.

[37] European Commission, Information Society and Media Directorate-General.Pricing of public sector information study-models of supply and charging for public sector information (ABC)[EB/OL].[2013-12-12].http://ec.europa.eu/information_society/policy/psi/docs/pdfs/report/11_2012/models.pdf.

[38] Koski H. Does marginal cost pricing of public sector information spur firm growth?[EB/OL].[2013-01-21].http://www.etla.fi/files/2696_no_1260.pdf.

[39] Houghton J.Costs and benefits of data provision-report to the australian national data service[EB/OL].[2013-01-31].http://ands.org.au/resource/houghton-cost-benefit-study.pdf?.

[40] Corbin C.Public sector information economic indicators& economic case study on charging models[EB/OL].[2013-01-25].http://epsiplatform.eu/sites/.../files/EC_EconomicStudyReport_V2.pdf.

西方国家公共信息资源定价问题研究综述

A Review of the Research on Public Information’s Pricing Problems in Western Countries

PDF

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

参考文献

相关文章 9

编辑推荐

Metrics

[1]	陈婧. 公共信息资源多元化开发的保障机制研究[J]. 图书情报工作, 2012, 56(15): 19-24.
[2]	孙建军. 网络公共信息资源利用效率影响因素实证分析[J]. 图书情报工作, 2012, 56(10): 35-40.
[3]	王昉吴玉霞宛玲. 数据库分级定价模式及其应用中的权益保障问题[J]. 图书情报工作, 2010, 54(15): 31-85.
[4]	蒋永福王清远. 西方国家公共图书馆治理的特点——以西方国家的文化管理体制特点为背景的分析[J]. 图书情报工作, 2010, 54(13): 27-26.
[5]	周萍勒中坚丁菊玲. 政府公共信息资源合理配置评价指标问题探讨[J]. 图书情报工作, 2009, 53(23): 119-122.
[6]	周萍,勒中坚. 政府公共信息资源适应性配置研究[J]. 图书情报工作, 2009, 53(17): 122-125.
[7]	叶兰,孙坦,黄国彬,黄飞燕. 电子图书定价模式研究[J]. 图书情报工作, 2007, 51(12): 81-81.
[8]	夏义堃 . 公共信息资源属性、分类及管理结构分析[J]. 图书情报工作, 2007, 51(05): 59-62.
[9]	樊振佳 . 政府在公共信息资源管理中的角色定位2[J]. 图书情报工作, 2007, 51(04): 45-47.