收稿日期: 2013-04-07
修回日期: 2013-07-04
网络出版日期: 2013-07-20
基金资助
本文系国家社会科学基金项目“知识创新的理论、机制和实践”(项目编号:04BTQ014)研究成果之一。
Semantic Ecology of “Knowledge” and Its Logical Hierarchy
Received date: 2013-04-07
Revised date: 2013-07-04
Online published: 2013-07-20
首先讨论“知识”语义环境的涵义和主要表现,继而对数据、信息、知识和智慧的含义与特质进行比较分析,重点研究四者之间的语义-逻辑关系和源流状态,在此背景上进而探讨知识与其他重要概念即心智因素的语义联系,最后集中研究处于知识语义环境中的主要因素之间的逻辑联系、层次关系以及其理论基础,提出以认知域为横坐标、知识层面为纵坐标,对“数据-信息-知识I(模糊知识)-知识II(明晰知识)-智慧”连续统一体进行语义-逻辑分析的层次模型,并以此层次模型为分析框架,深入探讨在不同逻辑层次上“知识”及知识相关因素的动态运动机制和递进跃升规律,重点包括数据的筛选和聚合、从数据萃取信息、信息内化为知识I、知识I向知识II的转化蜕变和知识向智慧的升华,以从原始与基础概念层面为构建知识创新理论框架打下认知基础。
张新华 , 张飞 . 知识的语义环境和逻辑层次研究[J]. 图书情报工作, 2013 , 57(14) : 32 -44 . DOI: 10.7536/j.issn.0252-3116.2013.14.006
Firstly, the paper discusses the meaning and main representations of the semantic ecology of knowledge, and comparatively analyzes the meanings and characteristics of data, information, knowledge and wisdom, with emphasis on the semantic-logic relationship and mutual dependency of four concepts. Then it studies the semantic relationships between knowledge and other important relevant concepts or mental factors, and concentrates on exploring the logical and hierarchical relationship between the main factors in the environment of semantic ecology, and theoretical underpinnings of the knowledge hierarchy. Finally, it develops a hierarchical model, which features in "cognitive domain" as the horizontal coordinate and the "knowledge levels" as the vertical coordinate, to analyzes the semantic relationship and logical configurations of the continuum which comprises "data-information-knowledge I (tacit knowledge)-knowledge II (explicit knowledge)-wisdom". With this model as the analytical framework, this paper explores and presents the escalating dynamism and mechanisms of knowledge creation and its related factors(of the main concepts) along the logical hierarchy, which include screening and clustering data, extracting information from data, internalizing information as "Knowledge I" (tacit knowledge), transforming "Knowledge II" (explicit knowledge) from "Knowledge I", and sublimating wisdom from knowledge, to lay a cognitive foundation for developing a theoretical framework of knowledge innovation on the levels of original and fundamental concepts.
Key words： knowledge; information; data; semantic environment; logical hierarchy
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