认为利用专利技术功效主题词与专利引文进行共现分析可直观识别核心专利簇的技术功效特征。与专利引文共现分析相比,专利技术功效主题词与专利引文的交叉共现增加了主题标识,使得基于相同标引主题词的被引专利有相似的技术主题和功效特征。同时,不同的技术功效主题词通过专利引文交叉共现,可以识别不同技术主题的关联度以及技术主题对应的功效特征。最后,选择医用显微内窥镜领域相关专利做实证分析,通过技术功效主题词-专利引文、技术主题词-专利引文以及专利引文共现分析,论证专利技术功效主题词与专利引文共现方法在核心专利挖掘方面的特征、优越性及不足。
Based on analysis to the current core patent mining methods, we constructed technology-effect subject terms and citations cross co-occurrence to mine core patent clusters. Through the cross co-occurrence analysis to patent technology-effect subject terms, we can easily identify the technology-effect of core patent clusters. Meanwhile, the technology-effect subject terms also get a cross co-occurrence through patent citations, which help to identify the relationship of the various technology in a special field. In this article, we chose medical microendoscopic as empirical study to display the characteristics of cross co-occurrence way, advantages and disadvantages among the cross co-occurrence of technology-effect subject terms with patent citations, co-occurrence of technology subject term with patent citations and the patent co-citation co-occurrence analysis in visualization network map.
[1] 邱洪华, 余翔.基于k-means聚类算法的专利地图制作方法研究[J].科研管理, 2009, 30(2):70-76.
[2] Schankerman M, Pakes A.Estimates of the value of patent rights in European countries during the post-1950 period[J].The National Burrau of Economic Research, 1985(7):1-35.
[3] 韩志华.核心专利判别的综合指标体系研究[J].中国外资, 2010(4):193-196.
[4] Harhoff D, Narin F, Scherer F M, et al.Citation frequency and the value of patented inventions[J].Review of Economics and Statistics, 1999, 81(3): 511-515.
[5] Albert M B, Avery D, Narin F, et al.Direct validation of citation counts as indicators of industrially important patents[J].Research Policy, 1991, 20(3): 251-259.
[6] 孙涛涛, 唐小利, 李越.核心专利的识别方法及其实证研究[J].图书情报工作, 2012, 56(4): 80-84.
[7] Lanjouw J O, Schankerman M.Patent quality and research productivity: Measuring innovation with multiple indicators[J].The Economic Journal, 2004, 114(495): 441-465.
[8] Reuters T.怎样寻找核心专利?[EB/OL].[2013-07-17].http://www.thomsonscientific.com.cn/searchtips/tisearchtips/tisearch07/.
[9] Law J, Bauin S, Courtial J P, et al.Policy and the mapping of scientific change: A co-word analysis of research into environmental acidification[J].Scientometrics, 1988, 14(3):251-264.
[10] Small H.Co-citation in the scientific literature:A new measure of the relationship between two documents[J].Journal of the American Society for Information Science, 1973, 24(4): 265-269.
[11] Marshako I V.System of document connections based on references[J].Nauchno-Tekhnicheskaya Informatsiya Seriya 2-Informatsionnye Protsessy I Sistemy, 1973 (6): 3-8.
[12] Qin He.Knowledge Discovery through co-word Analysis[J].Library Trends, 1999, 48(1):133-159.
[13] 崔雷, 郑华川.关于从 MEDLINE 数据库中进行知识抽取和挖掘的研究进展[J].情报学报, 2003, 22(4):425-433.
[14] Matsuo Y, Ishizuka M.Keyword extraction from a single document using word co-occurrence statistical information[J].International Journal on Artificial Intelligence Tools, 2004, 13(1):157-169.
[15] Seidel A H.Citation system for patent office[J].Journal of the Patent Office Society, 1949(31):554-567.
[16] Garfield E.Patent citation indexing and the notions of novelty, similarity, and relevance[J].Journal of Chemical Documentation, 1966, 6(2):63-65.
[17] Michel J, Bettels B.Patent citation analysis:A closer look at the basic input data from patent search reports[J].Scientometrics, 2001, 51(1):185-201.
[18] Callon M, Courtial J P, Laville F.Co-word analysis as a tool for describing the network of interactions between basic and technological research: The case of polymer chemsitry[J].Scientometrics, 1991, 22(1): 155-205.
[19] 王林, 冷伏海.学术论文的关键词与引文共现关系分析及实证研究[J].情报理论与实践, 2012, 35(2):82-86.
[20] 方曙, 张娴, 肖国华.专利情报分析方法及应用研究[J].图书情报知识, 2007(4):64-69.
[21] 陈颖, 张晓林.专利技术功效矩阵构建研究进展[J].现代图书情报技术, 2011(11):1-8.
[22] Derwent innovations index[EB/OL].[2014-01-20].http://wokinfo.com/training_support/training/derwent-innovations-index/.