[目的/意义] 美国国立医学图书馆是最早开展灾害应急信息服务的图书馆之一,具有丰富的应急信息服务经验,并且开发了一系列应急服务工具和先进的信息服务产品,对其现状进行梳理和总结,对国内图书馆开展相关应急信息服务具有很重要的启示意义。[方法/过程] 通过网络调研和文献调研,系统地梳理和总结美国国立医学图书馆近年来开展灾害应急信息服务工作的相关实践探索。[结果/结论] 总结NLM可供借鉴的经验:从战略上重视应急信息服务开展;注重图书馆专业人才的培养和公众的培训;注重馆藏资源挖掘与用户需求相结合;注重机构间的协同;建立多渠道资金保障。
[Purpose/significance] The US National Library of Medicine is one of the earliest libraries to carry out the disaster emergency information service, which has a wealth of experience in the emergency information services and developed a series of advanced tools and information service products. In this paper, we analyze current practices of the emergency information service of NLM and gain enlightenment to carry out similar emergency information services in Chinese libraries. [Method/process] Through online research and literature research, this paper systematically combed the practice and exploration of NLM's disaster emergency information service in recent years. [Result/conclusion] We summarize good experience from NLM: paying attention to disaster emergency information services at the strategic level; emphasizing the development and training of librarians and the public; focused on library resources mining combined with users' needs; attaching importance to inter-agency collaboration; paying attention to multi-channel financial security.
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