收稿日期: 2016-11-10
修回日期: 2017-01-02
网络出版日期: 2017-01-20
基金资助
本文系国家社会科学基金项目“中国专利文献与世界科学论文之间的引文分析研究”（项目编号：11BTQ022）研究成果之一。
An Exploratory Study of the Relation Between Chinese Patents and World Science Based on Reverse Citation
Received date: 2016-11-10
Revised date: 2017-01-02
Online published: 2017-01-20
[目的/意义] 论文引用专利的“反向引用”也是科学与技术知识关联的重要体现。针对现有“反向引用”研究的不足，分析中国专利技术对世界科学研究的影响。[方法/过程] 搜集整理中国专利被世界科学论文引用的数据，利用文献计量学方法分析“反向引用”的引用频数、技术关联度、引用时滞及技术循环周期等指标，利用社会网络分析方法构建“反向引用”网络，探讨技术领域到科学领域的知识流动情况。[结果/结论] 中国专利技术对世界科学研究的影响力越来越大。科学与技术的双向互动在化学领域体现的最为明显，化学、工程、材料科学三个学科领域较多地吸收了专利知识，技术关联度较高。前1-4年的技术对当前科学影响最大，中国专利被科学文献引用的循环周期较短，平均为4.69年。
田丽娜 , 杨祖国 . 基于“反向引用”视角的中国专利技术与世界科学关联分析[J]. 图书情报工作, 2017 , 61(2) : 107 -113 . DOI: 10.13266/j.issn.0252-3116.2017.02.014
[Purpose/significance] The reverse citation of papers citing patents is important in the study of linkage between science and technology. This paper analyzed the influence of Chinese patent on world science fields. [Method/process] The data of citations of Chinese patents referenced in articles were collected from Web of Science (WoS) of Thomson Reuters. Reverse citation frequency, technology linkage (TL), citation delay and technology cycle time (TCT) were analyzed. By the Social Network Analysis (SNA) method, the reverse citation network was constructed and the knowledge flow of technology-to-science was explored. [Result/conclusion] ］The influence of Chinese patent on world scientific research has been growing. The interaction between science and technology is the most obvious in chemistry field. Chemistry, engineering and material science fields have cited patents more, and the technology linkage (TL) is higher than other fields. Scientific papers were more likely to cite patents published within one to four years. The technology cycle time (TCT) of Chinese patents cited by scientific papers is short, with an average of 4.69 years.
Key words： patents; papers; citation analysis; science; technology; linkage; Chinese
[1] HUANG M H,YANG H W,CHEN D Z.Increasing science and technology linkage in fuel cells: A cross citation analysis of papers and patents[J].Journal of informetrics, 2015,9(2): 237- 249.
[2] 刘小玲,谭宗颖,张超星.国内外"科学-技术关系"研究方法述评——聚焦文献计量方法[J].图书情报工作,2015,59(13):142-148.
[3] BHATTACHARYA S, KRETSCHMER H, MEYER M.Characterizing intellectual spaces between science and technology[J].Scientometrics,2003,58(2):369-390.
[4] GLANZEL W, MEYER M.Patents cited in the scientific literature: an exploratory study of reverse citation relations[J].Scientometrics,2003,58 (2): 415-428.
[5] 杨祖国,陈虹,褚金涛,等.中国专利被《SCI》来源刊论文引用情况的统计与分析[J].情报科学,1999,17(4):422-428.
[6] 张先伟,杨祖国.专利反向引文分析:金砖五国专利实证研究[J].图书馆工作与研究, 2015(3):105-108.
[7] 殷媛媛.基于论文专利引证关系的科学技术互动研究——以立体显示为实证分析[J].图书情报工作, 2012,56(16):65-70.
[8] 李睿,肖恒,容军凤,等.试论"科学关联"计量指标的不足及改进——双向引用信息融合视角[J].情报理论与实践, 2013,36(8):6-10.
[9] 吴菲菲,黄鲁成,石媛嫄.基于文献和专利相互引用的科学与技术关系分析[J].科学学与科学技术管理, 2013,34(10):13-20.
[10] THOMSON REUTERS.Web of Science[DB/OL].[2016-11-07].http://www.webofknowledge.com.
[11] 国家知识产权局知识产权出版社. 中国专利检索系统[DB/CD]. 北京:知识产权出版社,2011.
[12] NARIN F, HAMILTON K S, OLIVASTRO D. The increasing linkage between U.S. technology and public science[J]. Research policy,1997(26):317-330.
[13] NARIN F, OLIVASTRO D. Technology indicators based on patents and patent citations[M]// VAN A F J. Handbook of quantitative studies of science and technology. North-Holland: Elsevier Science Publishers B. V., 1988:465-501.
[14] NARIN F, ALBERT M, KROLL P, et al.The link between Australian patenting and basic science[R].Canberra:Commonwealth of Australia, 2000.
[15] KAYAL A A,WATERS R C.An empirical evaluation of the technology cycle time indicator as a measure of the pace of technological progress in superconductor technology[J]. IEEE transactions on engineering management, 1999, 46(2):127-131.
[16] 刘军.整体网络分析讲义——UCINET软件实用指南[M].上海:上海人民出版社,2009:3,233-238.
[17] 邹波,于渤.校企知识转移2-模网络中企业员工吸收能力测度与分析[J].哈尔滨工业大学学报(社会科学版),2010,12(4):62-70.
[18] 国家知识产权局.专利检索系统[DB/OL].[2016-11-07]. http://www.pss-system.gov.cn/.
/
| 〈 |
|
〉 |
