[目的/意义] 研究ODC协议对处理开放数据著作问题、降低数据利用侵权风险、预防数据权益纠纷发生、实现开放数据可持续发展具有重要意义。[方法/过程] 以法律关系分析方法，厘清覆盖于数据之上的著作权法律关系；以字面解释等法律解释方法，对ODC协议及其重要条款进行解读；以案例调研、比较研究等方法，对ODC协议的适用问题进行归纳并提出解决方案。[结果/结论] ODC协议通过将数据的著作权法律关系解构为单个数据、数据内容、数据库、衍生数据库、集成数据库、数据产出等部分来设计授权使用条款，将开放数据的使用者扩展至所有主体，技巧性地回避了对事实数据进行授权的法理难题，同时从多个方面实现了协议的明确性、全球性和前瞻性。ODC协议是开放数据著作权问题的有效解决方案之一，适用时建议同时建立数据许可权限管理机制、科学发现权的承认与保护机制，并建议在未来的ODC协议更新版本中完善对被许可人恶意重复违约的规制问题。
[Purpose/significance] The research of ODC licenses in this paper is significant for solving copyright problems, reducing infringements, preventing disputes and realizing the sustainable development of open data.[Method/process] This paper analyzed the legal relationship and important terms in the ODC licenses by means of literal interpretation, and summarized the implementation problems of ODC licenses and proposed solutions by case study and comparative research.[Result/conclusion] The ODC licenses deconstruct the data copyright legal relationship into Data, Contents, Database, Derivative Database, Collective Database, and Produced Work to design the authorized terms. ODC licenses are effective for dealing with open data copyright issues by expanding the users to all subjects, avoiding the authorization issues of factual data, and reflecting certainty, internationality and forward-looking of the licenses. It is recommended to establish the data license authority management mechanism and the recognition and protection mechanisms of scientific discovery rights when ODC licenses are implemented. It is also recommended to establish a regulatory mechanism for repetitive defaults when the licenses in future are updated.
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