[目的/意义]政府数据开放共享是中国大数据战略的核心。政府数据的开放共享必须由法律制度予以调整、推进和保障。原则是法律的要素之一，并且法律原则具有基础性、稳定性，对于中国政府数据开放共享法律制度的构建必不可少。然而，中国尚无政府数据开放的专门立法。为明确政府数据开放应循的原则，对于国际组织和不同国家的政府数据开放原则进行比较分析，以期借鉴。[方法/过程]首先，阐释政府数据开放的八项原则；其次，评析美国、英国和加拿大的政府数据开放原则；最后，提出中国政府数据开放的法律原则。[结果/结论]中国政府数据开放应当遵循公开原则、质量原则、及时原则、平等原则、利益平衡原则和安全原则。
[Purpose/significance] Open and sharing of the government data is the core of Big Data Strategy in China. Without doubt, open and sharing of the government data shall be regulated, promoted and protected by the law. And principles are the element of laws, and have characteristics of fundamentality and stability. Legal principles are indispensable to open and sharing of the government data in China. However, there is no special legislation on it. To define the principles, this article compares and analyzes eight principles of open government data, and principles of open government data in different countries.[Method/process] At First, this article explained eight principles of open government data. Then, this article commented on the principles of open government data in United States of America, United Kingdom and Canada. Finally, this article advised the principles of open government data in China.[Result/conclusion] Open government data in China shall be subjected to the disclosure principle, the quality principle, the timely principle, the equality principle, the principle of balance of interests and the safety principle.
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