[目的/意义]探索论文未被引现象是引文分布研究中不可或缺的部分，不仅有利于丰富和扩展计量学的研究范畴，也有利于识别文献未被引的产生机制和最大限度避免科研资源浪费与提升科学交流效率。[方法/过程]以CSSCI为来源数据库，以图书馆情报与文献学为样本学科，随机选择200名学者为样本，获取这些学者的第一作者论文及相关引文数据，以6年为计量时间窗口，依析取的8个外部特征因素计算不同分组的未被引率，采用非参数方法检验各因素是否存在显著差异。[结果/结论]8个外部特征因素对论文未被引都有显著影响，其中作者所属机构的影响相对较小，作者发文时年龄与论文篇幅的影响相对较大，作者发文时职称、作者数量、参考文献数量、关键词数量、基金类别的影响程度大致相仿；各因素的未被引率在前3年的变化较为剧烈，后3年变化较为平缓；各因素未被引率的时间序列变化趋势各不相同，其影响平稳性也变化各异。
[Purpose/significance] It is of importance to explore the uncited phenomenon, which is essential to the citation distribution. It not only enriches and expands the metrics fields, but helps to reveal the generative mechanism for uncited papers, making the maximum use of research resources, and enhancing the efficiency of the scientific communication. [Method/process] CSSCI was chosen as the source database.Library and information science was selected as the sample, 200 scholars were chosen randomly according to the distribution features of h index, and their papers and responding citation data were retrieved from the database.This paper took 6 years as the time window. 8 external features were extracted, and the rate of uncited papers was calculated for every group. Non-parametric tests were used to examine factorshaving significant differences. [Result/conclusion] 8 external features have significant impact on uncited papers, in which the influence of authors'affiliation is relatively smaller, the influence of authors' age when they published papers and the length of papers are relatively larger.The influence of other 5 factors, namely, authors' title, author numbers, reference numbers, keywords numbers, and fund categories, is similar to each other.In the first 3 years, the changes of the rate of uncited papers are much sharper, and in the second 3 years, the changes are relatively gentle.The time series trend and the influence stability of the rate of uncited papersvary.
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