[目的/意义]施引文献与被引文献往往存在着某种相似性，揭示这种现象背后的形成机制有助于深入理解引文的本质。[方法/过程]采用指数随机图模型，以图书馆与情报学领域为对象开展实证分析，旨在揭示文献相似性对引用关系的影响机制。[结果/结论]实证研究发现：在网络结构、机构、期刊层面存在显著的引用文献相似倾向。具体地，引用关系更倾向于嵌入三角传递结构；来源于相同机构和期刊的文献之间更容易产生引用关系；来源于学科优势地位国家的文献之间更容易产生引用。实证结果充分说明社会接近性是引用行为的重要形成机制，反映了引用偏好的社会属性。
[Purpose/significance] It is possible to understand the mechanism of citation more deeply and clearly, understanding the nature of phenomenon in similarity between citing document and cited document which share the same or similar features.[Method/process] Aiming to discover the extent to which similarity between documents existing citation relationship affects the preference of citations, empirical research was conducted to focus on the academic field of LIS by the statistical method of Exponential Random Graph Models (ERGM). [Result/conclusion] Some empirical results were found as following that there obviously exists tendency to be similarity between documents in the aspects of embedded network structure, affiliation and journal. Specially, the dyadic citation relation would be more likely to be embedded in the triangle transmit structure in citation network, and happened between the documents with the same affiliation and journal. Moreover, the documents, from the countries which are domain in the specific academic field, would be more likely to form the relationship of citation. Consequently, the empirical results adequately imply that social affinity is the crucial mechanism for citation behavior and reflect the social feature of citation preference.
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