[目的/意义]界定个人数字数据的范畴与价值,分析个人数字数据的主要类型、存储方式和面临风险,探讨以图书馆为依托的个人数字数据存档与管理的服务模式,以期为我国图书馆在移动互联网时代开展私人定制的个人信息服务提供思路与借鉴。[方法/过程]综合应用网站调研法和案例分析法,以较早开展个人数字数据存档和管理服务、具有较大社会影响的美国国会图书馆、美国坎贝尔郡公共图书馆、大英图书馆以及加拿大国家图书馆和档案馆等为例,深入调查和剖析这些图书馆在个人数字数据存档与管理方面的服务方式和服务特点。[结果/结论]我国图书馆可依托其公益性服务机构的定位,凭借自身多年来在数字信息资源的组织、存储、管理与服务方面的优势经验,结合不同用户群体、不同私隐级别、不同数据类型的个人数字数据的特点,在服务对象、服务内容、服务方式和维护管理等方面开展更具个性化的、嵌入式的个人数字数据的存档与管理服务。
[Purpose/significance] Through the definition and evaluation of personal digital information, and the analysis of its classification, preservation methods and potential risks, the article discusses the service model of preservation and management of personal digital information based on libraries, so as to provide reference for domestic libraries developing private customized preservation services. [Method/process] The study systematically has applied the methods of web research and case study, selected the Library of Congress, Campbell County Public Library, the British Library, and Library and Archives Canada, which are early to develop personal digital information preservation and management services with greater social impact, as examples, as well as researched and analyzed their methods and features of the preservation and management service. [Result/conclusion] Depending on the properties of public service organizations inheriting human civilization, the domestic public libraries could take advantage of their years of experience in digital information organization, preservation, management and service, combining with variable characteristics of personal digital information from different perspectives, including privacy levels and data types, to develop more personalized and embedded preservation and management services for personal digital information, especially in the aspects of service objects, services contents, services methods, along with maintenance and management.
[1] 黄国彬, 张莎莎, 闫鑫.个人数据的概念范畴与基本类型研究[J].图书情报工作,2017,61(5):41-49.
[2] Library of Congress. Special presentation:importance of digital preservation[EB/OL].[2017-08-11]. http://digitalpreservation.gov/about/presentation.html.
[3] MARSHALL C C. How people manage information over a lifetime[EB/OL].[2018-01-30] https://www.researchgate.net/publication/248508325_How_People_Manage_Personal_Information_over_a_Lifetime/amp.
[4] SINN D, SYN S Y, KIM S M. Personal records on the web:who's in charge of archiving, hotmail or archivists?[J]. Library & information science research, 2011, 33(4):320-330.
[5] MARSHALL C C. Rethinking personal digital archiving, part 1:four challenges from the field[J/OL].[2017-08-11]. http://www.dlib.org/dlib/march08/marshall/03marshall-pt1.html.
[6] 吴晓奕. 论个人电子文件的保护[J]. 科技情报开发与经济, 2008(13):146-148.
[7] 周耀林, 赵跃. 基于个人云存储服务的数字存档策略研究[J]. 图书馆建设, 2014(6):21-24, 30.
[8] 刘龙. 美国国会图书馆指导公众开展个人数字信息保存的举措[J]. 图书与情报, 2015(1):87-90.
[9] Microsoft Research. MyLifeBits[EB/OL].[2017-07-30]. http://research.microsoft.com/en-us/projects/mylifebits/.
[10] 周耀林, 赵跃. 国外个人存档研究与实践进展[J]. 档案学通讯, 2014(3):79-84.
[11] 王海宁, 丁家友. 对国外个人数字存档实践的思考——以MyLifeBits为例[J]. 图书馆学研究, 2014(6):62-67.
[12] 互联网头条. 迈不过这四道坎,可穿戴都是扯[EB/OL].[2017-08-11]. http://zhanglei.baijia.baidu.com/article/134955.
[13] 陶娟. 论网络时代个人数据隐私权的保护[J]. 前沿, 2007(5):119-121.
[14] ASHENFELDER M. The Library of Congress and personal digital archiving[EB/OL].[2017-07-29]. http://www.digitalpreservation.gov/documents/lc-digital-preservation.pdf.
[15] ASHENFELDER M. Digital archiving:making it personal at the public library[EB/OL].[2017-07-29]. http://blogs.loc.gov/digitalpreservation/2014/05/digital-archiving-making-it-personal-at-the-public-library/.
[16] Library and Archives Canada. Email management guidelines roadmap[EB/OL].[2017-08-14]. http://www.bac-lac.gc.ca/eng/services/government-information-resources/guidelines/email-management/Pages/roadmap.aspx#appb.
[17] Library of Congress. Preserving your digital memories[EB/OL].[2017-07-29]. http://www.digitalpreservation.gov/personalarchiving/documents/PA_All_brochure.pdf.
[18] Purdue Libraries. Personal digital archiving:secure storage[EB/OL].[2017-11-28]. http://guides.lib.purdue.edu/c.php?g=595151&p=4117382.
[19] Cornell University Library. Manage your digital research files:storage[EB/OL].[2017-11-28]. http://guides.library.cornell.edu/c.php?g=31876&p=201794.
[20] UK Data Archive. About the archive[EB/OL].[2017-08-11]. http://data-archive.ac.uk/about/archive.
[21] British Library. Archives into the future[EB/OL].[2017-08-11]. http://www.bl.uk/events/archives-into-the-future.
[22] ASHENFELDER M. Digital archiving:making it personal at the public library[EB/OL].[2017-07-29]. http://blogs.loc.gov/digitalpreservation/2014/05/digital-archiving-making-it-personal-at-the-public-library/.
[23] 黄国彬,刘馨然. 移动网络环境下企业引发的个人数据安全风险研究[J].图书情报工作,2017,61(10):57-67.