[目的/意义]识别和分析影响在线医疗社区知识贡献行为的关键影响因素，为促进在线医疗社区的知识贡献行为和提升在线医疗社区活跃度提供理论基础。[方法/过程]从信息生态视角构建在线医疗社区知识贡献行为的影响因素体系，运用DEMATEL方法对影响在线医疗社区知识贡献行为的因素进行关联性分析。[结果/结论]通过对所有影响因素的中心度和原因度进行排序，识别影响在线医疗社区知识贡献行为的关键影响因素。其中原因度因素主要有患者的自我效能、国家对在线医疗的政策法律法规和社区平台的易用性，中心度因素主要有医生提升医疗效率需求、患者对社区的感知一致性，并据此提出相应的促进知识贡献行为的建议和对策。
[Purpose/significance] This paper mainly identified and analyzed the critical influencing factors on the knowledge-contributing behavior of online health communities, in order to provide theoretical basis on promoting the activity of online health communities. [Method/process] The paper constructed the influencing factors system on the knowledge-contributing behavior of online health communities from the perspective of information ecology,and then carried on an incidence analysis of all the possible influencing factors by the DEMATEL method.[Result/conclusion] According to the ranking of cause degree and centre degree on all of influencing factors,the major factors were recognized. Important influencing factors of cause degree include patients'self-efficacy, policies and regulations on online health, the platform ease of use. Important influencing factors of centre degree are doctors' needs of improving medical efficiency, patients' perceived consistency of online health community. Finally some suggestions on promoting the knowledge-contributing behavior were put forward.
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