[目的/意义]澳大利亚是开放获取（OA）运动的引领者和积极践行者，研究澳大利亚大学开放获取政策的现状和特点，对国内开放获取运动的顺利推进有积极借鉴意义。[方法/过程]搜集澳大利亚38所大学和2个官方资助机构的共计40份开放获取政策原文，以此为基础对原文进行统计分析和文本解读，从澳大利亚开放获取政策的发布时间、产生机制、实现途径、政策目的、实施范围、概念定义、存缴类型、开放要求、各方职责、版权声明这10个方面，较为全面地揭示澳大利亚大学开放获取政策的现状和特点。[结果/结论]澳大利亚大学开放获取政策有以下特点：澳大利亚的大部分大学都发布了开放获取政策，占比88.6%的高普及率归功于政府科研资助机构的政策示范和经费推动；各大学对开放获取政策持积极态度，自上而下推进政策发布与实施；各大学偏向于支持和鼓励绿色OA的发展之路，对科研成果的OA自存储规定偏强制性；对OA政策的相关概念给出了明确定义，内容完整规范清晰，可操作性强。以此为基础提出了推动我国开放获取运动的建议。
[Purpose/significance] Australia is the pioneer and active practitioner of the open-access movement. Studying the status and characteristics of Australia's Universities' open access policies could provide a positive reference for the promotion of the domestic open-access movement. [Method/process] This paper collects 40 original open access policies documents available from 38 Australian universities and 2 Australian institutions Websites. Based on this, statistical analysis and text interpretation are conducted from 10 aspects of Australia's open access policies such as adoption date, source of policy, approach, purpose, scope, definitions, deposit types, open requirements, roles and responsibilities, the copyright statement. This paper makes a comprehensive disclosure of the status and characteristics of Australia's open access policies.[Result/conclusion] It is found that the Australian open access policy has the following characteristics: the popularity of the Australian open access policy is attributed to the demonstration of policies of the government research funding agencies and government funding allocation; policy content is clear, regular and practical; most of the policies are mandatory; Australian colleges and universities take a positive attitude toward the open access policy, and policies are generated from management decision. Based on these, some suggestions are proposed for promoting China's open access movement.
[1] Budapest open access initiative (BOAI)[EB/OL].[2017-10-31].http://budapestopenaccessinitiative.org/read.
[2] ROARMAP Website[EB/OL].[2017-11-04]. http://roarmap.eprints.org.
[3] Victoria University of Wellington. Library statute[EB/OL].[2018-01-27]. http://www.victoria.ac.nz/documents/policy/library-and-information-systems/library-statute.pdf.
[4] Global open data index:survey[EB/OL].[2017-11-09]. http://global.survey.okfn.org.
[5] 王雅菲, 范军. 澳大利亚大学图书馆的开放获取出版新模式[J]. 现代出版, 2015(5):72-76.
[6] 王婉, 牛澍. 澳大利亚开放获取进展研究[J]. 现代情报, 2016(9):173-177.
[7] The QS world university rankings 2018[EB/OL].[2017-12-28]. https://www.topuniversities.com/university-rankings/world-university-rankings/2018.
[8] Australian government department of education and training. 2017 staff full-time equivalence[EB/OL].[2017-12-28]. https://docs.education.gov.au/documents/2017-staff-full-time-equivalence.
[9] Queensland University of Technology. F/1.3 QUT ePrints repository for research output policy[EB/OL].[2017-11-15]. http://www.mopp.qut.edu.au/F/F_01_03.jsp.
[10] NHMRC. NHMRC open access policy[EB/OL].[2017-11-15]. https://www.nhmrc.gov.au/grants-funding/policy/nhmrc-open-access-policy.
[11] ARC. ARC open access policy[EB/OL].[2017-11-15]. http://www.arc.gov.au/arc-open-access-policy-version-20171#policyreq.
[12] 李书宁. 国外大学开放获取政策研究[J]. 图书情报工作, 2013,57(10):12-17.
[13] 李书宁. 英国大学开放获取政策研究[J]. 图书情报知识, 2017(1):98-105.
[14] HARNAD S, BRODY T, VALLIERES F, et al. The access/impact problem and the green and gold roads to open access:an update[J]. Serials review, 2008, 34(1):36-40.
[14] 任翔. 学术出版的开放变局:2014年欧美开放获取发展评述[J]. 科技与出版, 2015(2):18-23.
[15] Deakin University. Research repository procedure[EB/OL].[2017-11-15]. https://policy.deakin.edu.au/document/view-current.php?id=212.
[16] Charles Sturt University. CSU research output (CRO) repository open access mandate[EB/OL].[2017-11-15]. http://www.csu.edu.au/research/performance/cro/policy.
[17] University of Queensland. Open access for UQ research publications policy[EB/OL].[2017-11-16]. http://ppl.app.uq.edu.au/content/4.20.08-open-access-uq-research-publications.
[18] 张伟,张庆,高波. 德国高校开放获取知识库政策研究[J]. 大学图书馆学报, 2017, 35(2):75-80,19.
[19] Macquarie University. Open access policy[EB/OL].[2017-12-27]. https://staff.mq.edu.au/work/strategy-planning-and-governance/university-policies-and-procedures/policies/open-access.
[20] University of New South Wales (UNSW). Open access policy[EB/OL].[2017-12-17]. https://www.gs.unsw.edu.au/policy/documents/openaccesspolicy.pdf.
[21] ARC. Excellence in research for Australia[EB/OL].[2018-01-01].http://www.arc.gov.au/excellence-research-australia.
[22] Australian government department of education and training. Higher education research data collection[EB/OL].[2018-01-25]. https://www.education.gov.au/higher-education-research-data-collection.
[23] University of Western Australia. UWA research repository[EB/OL].[2017-12-27]. http://www.library.uwa.edu.au/research/open-access-toolkit.
[24] University of Sydney. Open access to university research policy 2015[EB/OL].[2017-12-27]. http://sydney.edu.au/policies/showdoc.aspx?recnum=PDOC2014/367.
[25] Australian National University. Policy:open access[EB/OL].[2017-11-15]. https://policies.anu.edu.au/ppl/document/ANUP_008802.
[26] 王涵,许洁,叶阳. 近十年来我国开放获取政策及其实施效果研究[J]. 图书馆学研究, 2017(22):7-13.
