图书情报工作

图书情报工作 >

2018 , Vol. 62 >Issue 23: 97 - 105

DOI: https://doi.org/10.13266/j.issn.0252-3116.2018.23.012

情报研究

任务特征与游戏化设计对公众科学参与意愿影响的实验研究

  • 周鑫雪 ,
  • 汤健 ,
  • 王天梅
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  • 中央财经大学信息学院 北京 100081
周鑫雪(ORCID:0000-0001-9939-0850),博士研究生;汤健(ORCID:0000-0002-8283-1961),讲师,博士。

收稿日期: 2018-06-20

  修回日期: 2018-08-10

  网络出版日期: 2018-12-05

基金资助

本文系教育部人文社会科学研究“基于游戏化设计的公众科学用户贡献行为及学习成效研究”（项目编号：18YJCZH160）和中央财经大学学科建设经费“数字经济与商务智能关键理论研究”（项目编号：020651618002）研究成果之一。

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An Experiment on the Impact of Task Characteristics and Gamification on Participation Intentions in Citizen Science

  • Zhou Xinxue ,
  • Tang Jian ,
  • Wang Tianmei
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  • School of Information, Central University of Finance and Economics, Beijing 100081

Received date: 2018-06-20

  Revised date: 2018-08-10

  Online published: 2018-12-05

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摘要

[目的/意义]探讨公众科学，即一种通过招募普通大众协作进行科研工作的众包模式下，任务特征及游戏化设计对用户参与意愿影响，为有效优化公众科学项目任务设计及游戏化应用提供指导建议。[方法/过程]基于工作特征模型和自我决定理论，构建公众科学项目用户参与意愿的影响因素理论模型，解释公众科学任务特征如何通过满足公众的基本心理需求进而影响公众参与意愿，并讨论游戏元素对任务特征与基本心理需求关系的调节作用。实证采用组间实验（游戏化设计组vs.对照组）获取506份有效数据，并通过结构方程模型方法对理论模型进行验证。[结果/结论]数据分析结果表明，个体的三种基本心理需求对参与意愿都具有正向影响作用；公众任务的重要性对归属有正向影响作用，反馈性对胜任有正向影响作用，复杂性对胜任有反向影响作用；而游戏化设计对任务特征与参与者心理需求的关系存在调节作用。

关键词： 公众科学; 任务特征; 自我决定理论; 游戏化; 参与意愿

本文引用格式

周鑫雪 , 汤健 , 王天梅 . 任务特征与游戏化设计对公众科学参与意愿影响的实验研究[J]. 图书情报工作, 2018 , 62(23) : 97 -105 . DOI: 10.13266/j.issn.0252-3116.2018.23.012

Abstract

[Purpose/significance] This paper investigates the impacts of task characteristics and gamification design on user participation intentions in citizen science, which is a form of scientific crowdsourcing-based service that recruits the general public to collaborate and conduct scientific research. Findings of this research will provide some guidance to task design and gamification application in citizen science projects.[Method/process] Drawing upon the job characteristic theory and self-determination theory, this paper proposes a model of the influencing factors for participation intention in citizen science projects, which explains how the task characteristics of citizen science can influence the basic psychological needs of the public and then influence the willingness of participation, and further describes how gamification design moderates the impacts of task characteristics on basic psychological needs. A between-subject experiment was conducted to collect data and the structural equation modelling was used to validate the proposed research model.[Result/conclusion] Research findings showed that three psychological needs had positive impacts on participation intentions. Task significance had a positive impact on relatedness and task feedback had a positive impact on competence; task complexity had a negative effect on competence. Particularly, gamification design has a moderate effect on the relationship between task characteristics and basic psychological needs.

Key words： citizen science; task characteristics; self-determination theory; gamification; participation intention

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