[目的/意义]探索中文学术期刊论文的引文模式及时间窗口的选择对引文模式的影响，建立引文模式的分析框架。[方法/过程]以2006-2008年出版的图书情报领域期刊论文作为研究对象，采用两步聚类法对单篇论文在7年内的绝对被引量与相对被引量进行聚类分析，研究论文主要特征因子与引文模式的相关性。[结果/结论]在绝对被引量视角下，期刊论文均表现为先上升后下降的经典引文模式；在相对下载量视角下，期刊论文共有6种引文模式，其中3种可以归纳为经典引文模式，另外3种分别为"类睡美人型"、正偏型和马拉松型。相对被引量视角下，首年被引量与总被引量呈现了中等甚至较强的相关性，并且平均被引量越高，相关性越强，绝对被引量视角下的结果正好相反。结果表明，期刊论文的初始被引量与总被引量的相关性高低主要取决于引文曲线的峰度而非总被引量的大小。
[Purpose/significance] This paper explores the citation patterns of Chinese academic journal papers and the influence of time window, and establishes an analysis frame of the citation patterns.[Method/process] Taking library and information science for example, a two-step cluster analysis on the absolute citations and the relative citations of Chinese journal papers published between 2006 and 2008 was performed. Correlation between main characteristic factors and citation patterns of papers was analyzed.[Result/conclusion] Three patterns were detected from the perspective of absolute citations, and all of them show a classic citation pattern-rise first and then fall. Six citation patterns are detected from the perspective of relative citations, and three of them can be classified as classic citation pattern, while other three clusters can be labeled as quasi-sleeping beauties, positive bias pattern and marathoners. Moderate to high correlations between initial citations and total citations under the relative perspective, and the correlation strengthen with the average citation counts which reversed under the absolute perspective. The results indicate that the correlation between initial citations and total citations depends on the curvature of citation curve but not the number of total citations.
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