[目的/意义]通过明晰开放科学、开放共享、开放数据三者关系为我国科学数据开放共享实践提供理论指导。[方法/过程]运用规范分析法，在梳理与界定开放科学、开放共享、开放数据的定义与特征的基础上，解析开放科学、开放共享、开放数据之间的两两关系和三者关系。[结果/结论]开放科学、开放共享、开放数据存在三位一体的逻辑关系。开放数据是开放共享和开放科学的物质基础，开放共享是开放数据与开放科学之间的桥梁，开放科学是开放数据和开放共享的最终目标。不同利益相关者需要为开放科学尽力，以便全面促进开放科学的发展。
[Purpose/significance] This paper aims to provide theoretical guidance for the practice of open sharing scientific data in China by clarifyingthe relationships among open science, open sharing and open data.[Method/process] On the basis of hackling and defining the definition and characteristics of open science, open sharing and open data, this paper analyzes the pairwise relationships between and the relationships among open science, open sharing and open data by normative analysis.[Result/conclusion] Open science, open sharing, open data has a trinity of logic relations. Open data is the material foundation of open sharing and open science. Open sharing is the bridge between open data and open science. Open science is the ultimate goal of open data and open sharing. Different stakeholders need to do their best for open science in order to promote the development of open science in all its aspects.
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