[目的/意义] 剖析日本的专利信息提供制度，旨在为我国瑕疵专利预防救济机制的构建提供有益启示。[方法/过程] 通过解读日本专利信息提供制度的要旨及制度的具体实施细则，考察制度实施多年的效果反馈。[结果/结论] 日本专利信息提供制度为公众提供质疑专利申请、专利权有效性的零成本通道，不仅有利于授权前审查员对有益信息的获取，实现更为高效的专利审查，亦是授权后广泛收集专利权有效性信息的重要手段。日本专利信息提供制度对完善我国专利审查过程中的公众意见制度，尤其是公众意见提起的内容、形式与反馈机制颇具借鉴意义。

[Purpose/significance] The study aims to seek inspirations for building up remedy mechanism to prevent patent defects by delving into the patent information system of Japan.[Method/process] The researcher interprets the content of Japanese Third-party Observation System, assessed its performance, and investigated its functional changes.[Result/conclusion] The Third-party Observation System of Japan undoubtedly provides the public with a zero-cost channel to check the patent defects. It enables the examiners to access relevant information before the patent is granted, so that effective and accurate patent examination can be achieved; moreover, it is a critical approach to collect patent information of patent right after the patent is granted. The system can offer some guidance for improving public involvement of Chinese patent examination, especially for the content, the method and the feedback mechanism.