[目的/意义] 基于双生命周期理论视角，调查我国研究生在科研活动中的数据素养现状，并针对调查分析结果给出提升我国研究生在科研活动中数据素养的相关建议。[方法/过程] 通过梳理国内外数据素养的概念和内涵，初步构建出数据素养的评价体系。在此基础上，根据数据生命周期和科研生命周期之间的嵌入关系，进一步构建出基于双生命周期下的研究生数据素养评价体系，以该体系中的目标技能作为参考编制出调查问卷，向全国不同高校、专业和年级的研究生发放问卷，并对调查结果进行分析。[结果/结论] 调查结果发现，我国研究生具有良好的数据道德和法律意识，但是数据能力普遍较弱，深层次的数据意识还有待提升，不同学科、年级的数据素养具有一定差异。同时，针对该调查结果，提出对应的解决措施。
[Purpose/significance] Based on the double life cycle theory, this paper investigates the status quo of data literacy of postgraduates in scientific research activities in China, and puts forward some suggestions to improve the data literacy of postgraduates in scientific research activities according to the results of investigation and analysis. [Method/process] By combing the concepts and connotations of data literacy at home and abroad, this paper constructed a preliminary evaluation system of data literacy. On this basis, according to the embedding relationship between data life cycle and scientific research life cycle, a data literacy evaluation system for postgraduates based on double life cycle was further constructed. Questionnaires were compiled by referring to the target skills of the system. Questionnaires were distributed to postgraduates of different universities, majors and grades in China, and the results were analyzed. [Result/conclusion] The survey finds that graduate students in China have good data ethics and legal awareness, but data capabilities are generally weak, and deep-level data awareness needs to be improved. In addition, the data literacy of different disciplines and grades has certain differences.
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