[目的/意义] 考察西方发达国家的政府数据开放监管实践做法与经验，旨在为我国的政府数据开放监管提供参考和借鉴。[方法/过程] 选取美英澳新四国作为研究样本，采用文献分析法、比较分析法及典型案例分析法对其政府数据开放监管政策及实践进行深入和系统分析。[结果/结论] 美英澳新的政府数据开放监管不仅建立起比较完备的政策法规体系和协调合理的监管组织架构，而且设置了清晰明确的监管目标与内容框架，以及集监管责任确立、数据生命周期监管、多元主体协同监管和监管效果评议于一体的综合监管机制。这对我国的政府数据开放监管本土路径启示有4个方面：加快顶层设计，完善政策法规体系；整合监管机构，加大监管力度；打造多元协同监管格局；强化评估问责机制建设。
[Purpose/significance] This paper focuses on the practice and experience of open government data supervision in western developed countries, aiming to provide reference for the open government data supervision in China.[Method/process] Selecting the United States, Britain, Australia and New Zealand as research samples, using the methods of literature analysis, comparative analysis and typical case analysis to carry out in-depth and systematic analysis of the policies and practices of open government data supervision.[Result/conclusion] The open government data supervision in the United States, Britain, Australia and New Zealand not only established a relatively complete system of policies and regulations and a well-structured regulatory organization, but also set up a very clear regulatory objectives and content framework, as well as a comprehensive supervision mechanism which is a combination of the establishment of regulatory responsibilities, data life cycle supervision,multi-subject collaborative supervision and the evaluation of the supervision effect. There are four aspects to China's local path of open government data supervision:accelerating the top-level design, perfecting the system of policies and regulations, integrating regulatory agencies,strengthening supervision, creating a multi-collaborative regulatory structure, and strengthening the construction of evaluation and accountability mechanism.
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