[目的/意义] 数字孪生有助于推进图书馆的物理信息深度融合，实现其物理实体及其数字孪生模型之间"虚实映射、以虚控实、协调交互"。[方法/过程] 在对数字孪生研究现状进行分析的基础上，提出数字孪生图书馆的概念与模型，对其理论内涵、典型特征进行分析，结合其技术特征与应用情境，提出相应的技术框架、运行机理和对策建议，以期为未来图书馆建设与发展提供参考借鉴。[结果/结论] 数字孪生图书馆主要包括图书馆物理实体、数字孪生模型、数字孪生服务体系与图书馆孪生大数据等4个要素；其主要有实时全要素映射、虚实融合、由实到虚、以虚控实、孪生大数据驱动、软件定义、全域智能管理与智能干预等典型特征。
[Purpose/significance] Digital twins help to promote the deep integration of physical information in libraries, and realize the "virtual reality mapping, virtual reality control, and coordinated interaction" between their physical entities and digital twin models.[Method/process] Based on the analysis of the current situation of digital twin research, this paper put forward the concept and model of digital twin library, analyzed its theoretical connotation and typical characteristics, and put forward the corresponding technical framework, operation mechanism and countermeasures and suggestions combined with its technical characteristics and application situation, in order to provide reference for the future library construction and development.[Result/conclusion] The digital twin library mainly includes 4 main elements: library physical entity, digital twin model, digital twin service system and library twin big data. It mainly includes real-time full element mapping, the virtual and the real merge, from real to virtual, virtual control of real, twin big data driven, software definition, global intelligent management and intelligent intervention.
[1] 科技部. 我国正式启动第六代移动通信技术研发工作[EB/OL].[2020-02-28]. http://www.most.gov.cn/kjbgz/201911/t20191106_149813.htm.
[2] Gartner. Top 10 strategic technology trends for 2019[EB/OL].[2020-02-28]. https://www.gartner.com/smarterwithgartner/gartner-top-10-strategic-technology-trends-for-2019/.
[3] 中国政府网.中共中央、国务院决定设立河北雄安新区[EB/OL].[2020-02-28]. http://www.gov.cn/xinwen/2017-04/01/content_5182891.htm#1.
[4] 中国政府网.国务院关于河北雄安新区总体规划(2018-2035年)的批复[EB/OL].[2020-02-28]. http://www.gov.cn/zhengce/content/2019-01/02/content_5354222.htm.
[5] 中国雄安网.河北雄安新区规划纲要[EB/OL].[2020-02-28]. http://www.xiongan.gov.cn/2018-04/21/c_129855813.htm.
[6] 中国雄安网. 从规划亮点看雄安"未来之城"——解读《河北雄安新区规划纲要》之一[EB/OL].[2020-02-28]. http://www.xiongan.gov.cn/2018-04/21/c_129855990.htm.
[7] TUEGEL E J,INGRAFFEA A R,EASON T G, et al. Reengineering aircraft structural life prediction using a digital twin[J].International journal of aerospace engineering, 2011(10):1-14.
[8] EDWARD G,DAVID S. The digital twin paradigm for future NASA and U.S. air force vehicles[C]//The 53rd AIAA/ASME/ASCE/AHS/ASC structures, structural dynamics and materials conference-special session on the digital twin. Honolulu:AIAA,2012.
[9] GRIEVES M,VICKERS J. Digital twin:mitigating unpredictable, undesirable emergent behavior in complex systems[J]. Transdisciplinary perspectives on complex systems,2017(7):85-113.
[10] 庄存波,刘检华,熊辉,等.产品数字孪生体的内涵、体系结构及其发展趋势[J].计算机集成制造系统,2017,23(4):753-768.
[11] 陶飞,张萌,程江峰,等.数字孪生车间——一种未来车间运行新模式[J].计算机集成制造系统,2017,23(1):1-9.
[12] 陶飞,刘蔚然,刘检华,等.数字孪生及其应用探索[J].计算机集成制造系统,2018,24(1):1-18.
[13] 陶飞,刘蔚然,张萌,等.数字孪生五维模型及十大领域应用[J].计算机集成制造系统,2019,25(1):1-18.
[14] 江海凡,丁国富,张剑.数字孪生车间演化机理及运行机制研究[J/OL].中国机械工程:1-10.[2020-04-25]. http://kns.cnki.net/kcms/detail/42.1294.TH.20191012.1722.004.html.
[15] 赵浩然,刘检华,熊辉,等.面向数字孪生车间的三维可视化实时监控方法[J].计算机集成制造系统,2019,25(6):1432-1443.
[16] SCHLEICH B,ANWER N,MATHIEU L, et al. Shaping the digital twin for design and production engineering[J].CIRP annals,2017,66(1):141-144.
[17] SODERBERG R,WARMEFJORD K,CARLSON J S, et al. Toward a digital twin for real-time geometry assurance in individualized production[J]. CIRP annals,2017,66(1):137-140.
[18] JUMYUNG U,WEYER S,QUINT F. Plug-and-Simulate within modular assembly line enabled by digital twins and the use of automationML[J]. IFAC Papersonline,2017,50(1):15904-15909.
[19] ALAM K M,SADDIK A E. C2PS:A digital twin architecture reference model for the cloud-based cyber-physical systems[J].IEEE access,2017,5(1):2050-2062.
[20] LENG J W,ZHANG H,YAN D X,et al.Digital twin-driven manufacturing cyber-physical system for parallel controlling of smart workshop[J].Journal of ambient intelligence and humanized computing, 2018,1(6):1-12.
[21] ELISA N,LUCA F,MARCO M.A review of the roles of digital twin in CPS-based production systems[J]. Procedia manufacturing,2017(11):939-948.
[22] 陶飞,程颖,程江峰,等.数字孪生车间信息物理融合理论与技术[J].计算机集成制造系统,2017,23(8):1603-1611.
[23] 丁凯,张旭东,周光辉,等.基于数字孪生的多维多尺度智能制造空间及其建模方法[J].计算机集成制造系统,2019,25(6):1491-1504.
[24] 周瑜,刘春成.雄安新区建设数字孪生城市的逻辑与创新[J].城市发展研究,2018,25(10):60-67.
[25] ON-HYOK J. Urban changes in the fourth industrial revolution era and digital twin based smart city planning model[J].Journal of urban policies,2018,9(3):89-108.
[26] 李欣,刘秀,万欣欣.数字孪生应用及安全发展综述[J].系统仿真学报,2019,31(3):385-392.
[27] 张兴旺,石宏佳,王璐.孪生图书馆:6G时代一种未来图书馆运行新模式[J].图书与情报,2020(1):96-102.
[28] INGERBORG R. Virtual singapore and the economy of the digital twin[EB/OL].[2020-02-28]. https://blogs.3ds.com/perspectives/virtual-singapore-and-the-economy-of-the-digital-twin/.
[29] 张兴旺,李晨晖."互联网+图书馆"顶层设计相关问题研究[J].图书与情报,2015(5):33-40.
[30] 杨九龙,阳玉堃,许碧涵.人工智能在图书馆应用的理论逻辑、现实困境与路径展望[J].图书情报工作,2019,63(4):32-38.
[31] 解金兰,常琛.智慧图书馆数据服务的功能设计与实施方案[J].图书情报工作,2019,63(7):56-62.
