[目的/意义] 文章的被引频次一直是量化评价一篇论文学术影响力的重要指标。但在不同学科不同年份发表的论文会因该领域研究论文数、引用滞后等因素呈现较大的差异。因此在对比两篇论文时，难以简单依据被引频次的绝对值来评判论文影响力大小。为此，本文设计了一个新的可计算数学模型，使得每篇论文可以有一个标准化的指标，以便对不同学科不同年份发表的论文的学术影响力进行直接比较。[方法/过程] 通过分析2006、2017两年中国科技类学术期刊各学科论文的被引频次分布规律，采用同学科论文被引频次的分布形态最接近对数正态分布的先设条件，提出一种被引频次标准化指数——Paper Citation Standardized Index （简称PCSI，中文"论文引证标准化指数"）。最后以中国科协优秀科技期刊论文评选结果为例，将它们与论文所属学科全部论文进行实证对比研究。[结果/结论] 结果证明，PCSI对不同年份、不同学科论文的被引频次进行了标准化，反映了被引频次的线性差距，是一种较为理想的单篇论文学术影响力比较评价工具。
[Purpose/significance] The citation count of an article has always been an important factor to quantitatively evaluate its academic influence. However, articles published in different disciplines and years will show great differences due to factors such as the number of research articles in this field and the lag of citation. Therefore, when comparing two papers, it is difficult to judge the influence of papers simply according to the absolute citation counts. Therefore, we design a new calculable mathematical model, so that each paper can have a standardized citation index, so as to directly compare the academic influence of papers published in different disciplines and years. [Method/process] In this paper, by analyzing the citation distribution law of papers in various disciplines of science and technology in Chinese academic journals in 2006 and 2017, and adopting the precondition that the citation distribution of papers of the same subject is closest to the lognormal distribution, an index for standardizing the citation——Paper Citation Standardized Index (PCSI) is proposed. Finally, taking the selection results of The Outstanding Papers from Sci-tech Journals of China Association for Science and Technology as an example, an empirical comparative study is made between them and all the papers in the same subject. [Result/conclusion] The results show that PCSI standardizes the citation counts of papers in different years and different disciplines, which reflects the linear difference of citation, thus PCSI is an ideal tool for comparative evaluation of academic influence of single paper.
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