[Purpose/significance] Knowledge element, as the basic component of knowledge, is the existence form of knowledge in microcosmic domain. The research on the composition of knowledge reflects the perception of knowledge, which is the inevitable trend of human knowledge. Therefore, it is of great theoretical value to study the knowledge element and its movement law. [Method/process] Firstly, from the perspective of the discipline history, the research status of the basic components of knowledge and knowledge element theory were combed and analyzed. Furthermore, the existing problems in the research of knowledge element theory were summarized. Finally, the future trend of knowledge element theory was discussed. [Result/conclusion] Some problems can be concluded in the research of knowledge element theory. First of all, the definition of knowledge element is fuzzy. Furthermore, there is ambiguity in the classification of knowledge element types. Thirdly, it is a still difficult task to represent the model of knowledge element. Finally, the theory has not yet gone deep into the study of the essence, structure and movement law of knowledge. We believe that future research involves multiple interdisciplinary perspectives, mainly including the perspective of epistemology combined with philosophy and cognitive science, the perspective of knowledge discovery and mining based on the combination of linguistics and computer science, the perspective of knowledge representation based on the combination of knowledge engineering and library science, and the perspective of knowledge organization research based on the combination of information science and publishing discipline.
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