[目的/意义] 将个人学术信息组织行为看作整体来测量其行为能力和行为结果，开发出大学生学术信息组织水平量表，并应用该量表简要分析北京大学本科生的个人学术信息组织行为的特征，以提供具有实际价值的改进建议。[方法/过程] 在开发量表时，首先在文献调研、半结构化访谈的基础上编制初始量表，然后运用项目分析、因子分析进行量表纯化，最后通过信效度检验评估量表的质量。在应用量表时，使用了描述性统计、相关分析、差异分析等方法。[结果/结论] 大学生学术信息组织水平量表包括电脑文件组织水平、纸质资料组织水平、学术信息管理素养、学术空间清洁水平、课堂笔记组织水平共五个关键维度。量表为大学生群体的个人信息组织水平的测量提供了可行工具，为个人学术信息组织行为的研究提出了新的视角，为全面理解大学生的信息行为拓展了新的思路。
[Purpose/significance] Taking personal information organization behavior as a whole to measure its ability and result, the paper develops the Personal Academic Information Organization Level Scale for College Students, and then applies this scale to analyze the characteristics of personal academic information organization behavior of undergraduates at Peking University to provide practical suggestions for improvement.[Method/process] In the scale development stage, the initial scale was prepared on the basis of literature review and semi-structured interview, the initial scale was purified by item analysis and factor analysis, and the quality of the final scale was evaluated by reliability test and validity test. In the scale application stage, the paper used descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, and variance analysis.[Result/conclusion] The Personal Academic Information Organization Level Scale for College Students includes five dimensions:organization level of computer documents, organization level of paper materials, academic information management literacy, cleaning level of academic space, and organization level of class notes. This scale provides a feasible tool for the measurement of personal information organization level among college students, puts forward a new perspective for the study of personal academic information organization behavior, and develops a new idea for the comprehensive understanding of information behavior of college students.
[1] ALON L, HARDOF-JAFFE S, NACHMIAS R. How knowledge workers manage their personal information spaces:perceptions, challenges and high-level strategies[J]. Interacting with computers, 2019, 31(3):303-316.
[2] HARDOF-JAFFE S, HERSHKOVITZ A, ABU-KISHK H, et al. Students' organization strategy of personal information space[J]. Journal of digital information, 2009, 10(5):1-17.
[3] JONES W. Personal information management[J]. Annual review of information science and technology, 2007, 41(1):453-504.
[4] JONES W, TEEVAN J. Personal information management[M]. Seattle:University of Washington Press, 2007.
[5] MIZRACHI D, BATES M J. Undergraduates' personal academic information management and the consideration of time and task-urgency[J]. Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology, 2013, 64(8):1590-1607.
[6] 谢笑. 个人信息管理实践研究——个人信息的保存与组织[J]. 图书馆学研究,2017(1):51-59.
[7] JACQUES J, MAS S, MAUREL D, et al. Organizing personal digital information:an analysis of faculty member activities[J]. Journal of documentation, 2020, 77(2):401-419.
[8] HAJIBAYOVA L. Exploring individuals' patterns of personal information management practices:factors influencing the representation, organization and credibility assessment of information[J]. Information research, 2019, 24(3):r 835.
[9] ALON L, NACHMIAS R. Gaps between actual and ideal personal information management behavior[J]. Computers in human behavior, 2020, 107:106292.
[10] HASHEMZADEH M J, SALEHNEJAD Z. Personal information management behavior among postgraduate students of University of Birjand[C]//The 4th international symposium on emerging trends and technologies in libraries and information services. Piscataway:IEEE, 2015:307-311.
[11] KRTALIĆ M, MARČETIĆ H, MIČUNOVIĆ M. Personal digital information archiving among students of social sciences and humanities[J]. Information research, 2016, 21(2).
[12] MASSEY C, TENBOOK S, TATUM C, et al. PIM and personality:What do our personal file systems say about us?[C]//Proceedings of the SIGCHI conference on human factors in computing systems. New York:ACM, 2014:3695-3704.
[13] DINNEEN J D, JULIEN C A, FRISSEN I. The scale and structure of personal file collections[C]//Proceedings of the 2019 CHI conference on human factors in computing systems. New York:ACM, 2019:paper 327.
[14] 李章超,谢笑. 基于个人信息管理的信息备份研究[J]. 信息资源管理学报,2017,7(3):75-82.
[15] MALONE T W. How do people organize their desks? Implications for the design of office information systems[J]. ACM transactions on office information systems, 1983, 1(1):99-112.
[16] OTOPAH F O, DADIZE P. Personal information management practices of students and its implications for library services[J]. Aslib proceedings:new information perspectives, 2013, 65(2):143-160.
[17] BOARDMAN R, SASSE M A. "Stuff goes into the computer and doesn't come out":a cross-tool study of personal information management[C]//Proceedings of the SIGCHI conference on human factors in computing systems. New York:ACM, 2004:583-590.
[18] CHANG S J, KO M H. Behaviors of PIM in context of thesis and dissertation research[C]//CHI 2008 workshop. New York:ACM, 2008.
[19] HENDERSON S. How do people manage their document? An empirical investigation into personal document management practices among knowledge workers[D]. Auckland:University of Auckland, 2009.
[20] CHURCHILL G A. A paradigm for developing better measures of marketing constructs[J]. Journal of marketing research, 1979, 16(1):64-73.
[21] SINN D, KIM S, SYN S Y. Information activities within information horizons:a case for college students' personal information management[J]. Library & information science research. 2019, 41(1):19-30.
[22] MAJID S, CHANG Y K, FOO S, et al. Strengthening information literacy competencies through incorporating personal information management skills[C]//ECIL 2013, CCIS 397. Switzerland:Springer International Publishing, 2013:331-337.
[23] 陈晓萍,徐淑英,樊景立. 组织与管理研究的实证方法[M]. 北京:北京大学出版社,2008:332-333.
[24] 王知津, 肖蔷. 个人信息管理行为研究[J]. 情报科学, 2009, 27(1):6-11.
[25] MARKMAN A B, ROSS B H. Category use and category learning[J]. Psychological bulletin, 2003, 129(4):592-613.
[26] BÄLTER O. Strategies for organising email[C]//Proceedings of HIC on people and computers XII. London:Springer, 1997:21-38.
[27] WHITTAKER S. Personal information management:from information consumption to curation[J]. Annual review of information science and technology, 2011, 45(1):1-62.
[28] KWAŚNIK B. How a personal document's intended use or purpose affects its classification in an office[C]//The 12th international conference on research and development in information retrieval. New York:ACM, 1989:207-210.
[29] 周瑛,刘越. 大学生数字信息备份行为的影响因素研究[J]. 情报探索,2018,1(1):21-26.
[30] JACQUES J, FASTREZ P. Personal information management competences:a case study of future college students[C]//HIMI 2014, LNCS 8521. Switzerland:Springer International Publishing, 2014:320-331.
[31] 孙晓军,周宗奎. 探索性因子分析及其在应用中存在的主要问题[J]. 心理科学,2005, 28(6):1440-1442.
[32] 吴明隆. 结构方程模型:AMOS的操作与应用[M]. 重庆:重庆大学出版社,2010.
[33] 李灿,辛玲. 调查问卷的信度与效度的评价方法研究[J]. 中国卫生统计,2008,25(5):541-544.
[34] FORNELL C, LARCKER D. Evaluating structure equations models with unobservable variable and measurement error[J]. Journal of marketing research, 1981, 18(3):39-50.
[35] 徐雷. 情绪智力量表(EIS)的修订与应用研究[D]. 上海:上海师范大学,2009.
[36] MCDONALD R P. Principals and practice in reporting structural equation analyses[J]. Psychological methods, 2002, 7(1):64-82.
[37] 吴明隆. SPSS统计应用实务:问卷分析与应用统计[M]. 北京:科学出版社,2003.
[38] 侯杰泰,温忠麟,成子娟. 结构方程模型及其应用[M]. 北京:教育科学出版社,2004.
[39] 侯振兴,朱庆华,袁勤俭. 基于交互视角的O2O电子商务服务质量评价研究[J]. 情报科学,2016,34(9):138-144.
