[目的/意义] 个人存档困境是个人面对如何有效留存个人档案时所产生的一种不知所措、左右为难或焦虑的情绪状态，科学测度个人存档困境的主要维度及其程度，有助于改善个人存档规则、工具与环境，提高个人存档效率，缓解困境感。[方法/过程] 借鉴个人存档挑战、困境等领域的相关研究成果，以前期研究形成的"个人存档面临的挑战及关系模型"为基础，构建个人存档困境测量量表，经过优化与修正的量表信效度良好，以此作为个人存档困境测评工具，从动力不足、数字化焦虑、工具匮乏、规则缺失、档案海洋5个维度对公众的个人存档困境展开测评。[结果/结论] 研究表明，公众个人存档困境处于中等水平，并呈现出年龄愈长困境感愈强、学历愈低动力不足感愈强、学历愈高数字化焦虑感愈强、具有档案学背景者规则缺失感低于非档案学背景者等特点，提出通过完善个人存档规则、研发个人存档工具、提升公众档案素养和开展个人存档研究等方法缓解个人存档困境程度。
[Purpose/significance] Personal archiving dilemma is a kind of confused, overwhelmed or anxious state of how to effectively keep personal archives. Scientific measurement of the main dimensionalities and extent of personal archiving dilemma can help to improve the rules, tools and environment of personal archiving, improve the efficiency of personal archiving and alleviate dilemma.[Method/process] Based on relevant research in the fields of personal archive challenges and dilemmas and the "challenges and relationship model of personal archiving" formed by the author, the personal archiving dilemma prediction scale was constructed. The optimized and modified scale had good reliability and validity, and can be used as an evaluation tool for personal archiving dilemma. This scale was used as a measurement tool to evaluate the public's personal archiving dilemma from five dimensions:lack of motivation, digital anxiety, lack of tools, lack of rules and mass archives.[Result/conclusion] The research shows that the public's personal archiving dilemma is in the middle level, and it also shows that the older the age, the stronger the sense of dilemma, the lower the educational background, the stronger the sense of lack of motivation, the higher the educational background, the stronger the sense of digital anxiety, and the lower the sense of lack of rules for those with archives science background. Finally, this research proposes to construct personal archives rules, develop personal archives tools, improve public archives literacy and carry out personal archives research to relieve personal archiving dilemma from all dimensions.
[1] ZHAO Y, DUAN X E, YANG H. Postgraduates' personal digital archiving practices in China:problems and strategies[J]. The journal of academic librarianship, 2019, 45(5):102044.
[2] 赵跃.数字时代个人存档研究框架的构建——从个人存档研究的定位与视角谈起[J]. 档案学通讯, 2017(2):65-70.
[3] 黄体杨, 聂锐, 钟志龙.数字时代个人存档面临的挑战及破解逻辑——基于档案工作者访谈记录的扎根理论研究[J]. 档案学研究, 2021(1):110-115.
[4] BARREAU D K. Context as a factor in personal information management systems[J]. Journal of the American Society for Information Science, 1995, 46(5):327-339.
[5] BOARDMAN R, SASSE M A. "Stuff goes into the computer and doesn't come out":a cross-tool study of personal information management[C]//DYKSTRA-ERICKSON E, TSCHELIGI M. Proceedings of the SIGCHI conference on human factors in computing systems. New York:Association for Computing Machinery, 2004:583-590.
[6] MARSHALL C C, BLY S, BRUN-COTTAN F. The long term fate of our digital belongings:toward a service model for personal archives[C]//CHAPMAN S, STOVALL S A. Archiving 2006, Final program and proceedings. Ottawa:Society for Imaging Science and Technology, 2006:25-30.
[7] JONES W. Personal information management[J]. Annual review of information science and technology, 2007, 41(1):453-504.
[8] KAYE J J, VERTESI J, AVERY S, et al. To have and to hold:exploring the personal archive[C]//GRINTER R, RODDEN T, AOKI P, et al. Proceedings of the SIGCHI conference on human factors in computing systems. New York:Association for Computing Machinery, 2006:275-284.
[9] 冯湘君.大学生个人数字存档行为与意愿研究[J]. 档案学通讯, 2018(5):13-17.
[10] HOBBS C. Reenvisioning the personal:reframing traces of individual life[C]//EASTWOOD T, MACNEIL H. Currents of archival thinking. Santa Barbara:Libraries unlimited, 2010:213-241.
[11] 郭学敏.个人数字存档行为中介效应实证研究——基于中国网民的随机问卷调查[J]. 档案学通讯, 2018(5):17-25.
[12] 周瑛, 刘越, 刘茹.大学生个人数字存档行为的影响因素探究[J]. 档案学研究, 2020(1):52-58.
[13] 周耀林, 黄玉婧, 王贇芝.基于认知负荷理论的个人数字存档意愿影响因素探究[J]. 档案学通讯, 2020(3):12-19.
[14] 周耀林, 黄玉婧, 王赟芝.个人数字存档对象选择行为影响因素研究[J]. 档案学研究, 2019(3):106-112.
[15] BURROWS T. Personal electronic archives:collecting the digital me[J]. OCLC systems & services:international digital library perspectives, 2006, 22(2):85-88.
[16] CUSHING A L. "If it computes, patrons have brought it in":personal information management and personal technology assistance in public libraries[J]. Library & information science research, 2016, 38(1), 81-88.
[17] 黄国彬, 邸弘阳, 王舒, 等.面向个人数字数据存档的图书馆服务研究[J]. 图书情报工作, 2018, 62(7):21-29.
[18] MARSHALL C C, MCCOWN F, NELSON M L. Evaluating personal archiving strategies for internet-based information[C]//STOVALL S A. Archiving 2007, Final program and proceedings. Arlington:Society for Imaging Science and Technology, 2007:151-156.
[19] BECKER D, NOGUES C. Saving-over, over-saving, and the future mess of writers' digital archives:a survey report on the personal digital archiving practices of emerging writers[J]. The American archivist, 2012, 75(2):482-513.
[20] 周耀林, 赵跃.国外个人存档研究与实践进展[J]. 档案学通讯, 2014(3):79-84.
[21] CZERWINSKI M, GAGE D W, GEMMELL J, et al. Digital memories in an era of ubiquitous computing and abundant storage[J]. Communications of the ACM, 2006, 49(1):44-50.
[22] KLEEK M V, OHARA K. The future of social is personal:the potential of the personal data store[M]//MIORANDI D, MALTESE V, ROVATSOS M, et al. Social collective intelligence. Cham:Springer, 2014:125-158.
[23] KIM S. Personal digital archives:preservation of documents, preservation of self[D]. Austin:The University of Texas at Austin, 2013.
[24] MARSHALL C C. Rethinking personal digital archiving, part 1:four challenges from the field[J/OL]. D-Lib magazine, 2008, 14(3).[2021-06-17]. http://webdoc.gwdg.de/edoc/aw/d-lib/dlib/march08/marshall/03marshall-pt1.html.
[25] 周文泓, 张玉洁, 陈怡.我国个人网络信息管理的问题与对策研究——基于商业性网络平台政策的文本分析[J]. 图书馆学研究, 2018(16):48-62, 47.
[26] REDWINE G. DPC technology watch report:personal digital archiving[R]. Glasgow:Digital Preservation Coalition, 2015:15-16.
[27] 德威利斯.量表编制:理论与应用(原书第3版)[M]. 席仲恩, 杜钰, 译.重庆:重庆大学出版社, 2016.
[28] 吴明隆.问卷统计分析实务——SPSS操作与应用[M]. 重庆:重庆大学出版社, 2019.
[29] KAISER H F, RICE J. Little jiffy, mark IV[J]. Educational and psychological measurement, 1974, 34(1):111-117.
[30] 中华人民共和国档案法[J]. 中华人民共和国全国人民代表大会常务委员会公报, 2020(3):535-540.
[31] 杨敏.《广东省家庭建档工作指引》出台[J]. 中国档案, 2018(10):86.
[32] The Library of Congress. Personal archiving:preserving your digital memories[EB/OL]. [2021-06-17]. https://www.digitalpreservation.gov/personalarchiving/.
