图书情报工作

图书情报工作 >

2022 , Vol. 66 >Issue 23: 29 - 40

DOI: https://doi.org/10.13266/j.issn.0252-3116.2022.23.004

理论研究

数据行为的概念界定与模型构建

  • 李文琦 ,
  • 张鹏翼
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  • 北京大学信息管理系 北京 100871
李文琦,博士研究生。

收稿日期: 2022-05-09

  修回日期: 2022-10-20

  网络出版日期: 2022-12-16

基金资助

本文系国家自然科学基金面上项目"在线知识社群中信息行为对群体认知形成的影响研究"(项目编号:72174014)和国家自然科学基金国际重点合作项目"中国儒家学术史知识图谱构建研究"(项目编号:72010107003)研究成果之一。

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The Conceptualization and Model Construction of Data Behaviors

  • Li Wenqi ,
  • Zhang Pengyi
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  • Department of Information Management, Peking University, Beijing 100871

Received date: 2022-05-09

  Revised date: 2022-10-20

  Online published: 2022-12-16

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摘要

[目的/意义] 在数据密集型科研范式下,数据已经成为各类学术活动的基础,数据的管理和共享等实践也逐渐成为政策制定者、科研机构、数据服务提供者以及科研人员关注的焦点。目前,已有研究涉及到对科研相关的数据活动和实践、科研人员的态度和行为等层面的分析,然而尚未明确提出"数据行为"的概念。[方法/过程] 通过对相关文献的梳理整合,分析数据的性质及特征,阐述数据行为概念的必要性,并借鉴信息行为领域的相关理论提出个体视角下的"数据行为"概念,构建数据行为模型和概念框架。[结果/结论] 提出的个体视角下的数据行为模型概括数据行为的一般流程和活动,包括数据需求、数据收集行为、数据管理行为以及数据发表、共享、署名及引用行为;科研语境中的数据行为概念框架揭示对数据行为产生影响的各种因素,包括知识基础设施、科研情境和科研人员个体因素。该模型可以为科研人员数据行为的实证研究、数据政策制定、数据基础设施建设以及数据工具的设计提供理论基础和实践建议。

关键词： 数据行为; 研究数据; 数据实践; 数据密集型研究; 信息行为

本文引用格式

李文琦 , 张鹏翼 . 数据行为的概念界定与模型构建[J]. 图书情报工作, 2022 , 66(23) : 29 -40 . DOI: 10.13266/j.issn.0252-3116.2022.23.004

Abstract

[Purpose/Significance] With the data-intensive paradigm shift, data has become the foundation of various scholarly activities. Meanwhile, data management and data sharing is gaining more attention from policy makers, research institutions, data service providers as well as researchers. Existing studies have covered topics on data related activities, researchers’ attitudes, and behaviors in research context. Yet the concept of data behavior is not explicitly defined and framed. [Method/Process] This paper drew on literatures to analyze the characteristics of research data, illustrate the necessity to propose the concept of data behavior, proposed the concept of data behavior with an individual perspective and develop the data behavior model and concept framework by referring to the theories of information behavior field. [Result/Conclusion] The data behavior model is developed to describe common patterns and process of data behaviors including data needs, data collection, data use, data management and data publishing, sharing, attribution and citation with an individual perspective. A conceptual framework of data behavior in research context encompassing various contextual elements is proposed to reveal potential factors that may influence researchers’ data behaviors, which include knowledge infrastructure, research contexts and researchers’ internal contexts. The model can provide theoretical basis and practical implications for empirical research of data behavior, data policy formulation, data infrastructure construction and data tool design.

Key words： data behavior; research data; data practice; data-intensive research; information behavior

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