[目的/意义] 基于目前预印本发展过程中面临的质量控制问题，对审定预印本的概念、内容与价值进行系统阐释，为我国学术界、实践界认识这一新型学术交流媒介提供参考借鉴。[方法/过程] 采用网络调研法与内容分析法，对审定预印本的中文意译及概念的内涵与外延做出明确界定，基于概念定义剖析其宏观与微观内容体系，最后分析并论证其价值来源与价值构成。[结果/结论] 审定预印本主要由预印本初始手稿、单轮同行评审报告与作者修改回复三部分组成，其内容体系上的完整性，使之具有完成预印本发布后的同行评审质量控制、服务于当前期刊学术出版过程两大核心价值，同时还具有提供科研人员同行评审学习范例、辅助公众对预印本中早期研究结论进行科学评估两大附加价值。
[Purpose/Significance] Based on the current quality control problem faced in the development of preprints, this paper systematically explains the concept, content and values of refereed preprints, so as to provide reference for Chinese academic and practical circles to understand this new academic communication medium. [Method/Process] Using the method of network research and content analysis, the Chinese translation of refereed preprints were interpreted, the denotation and connotation of the concept were defined, the macro and micro content systems were analyzed, finally its value source and value composition were demonstrated. [Result/Conclusion] Refereed preprints are mainly composed of three parts, which are the initial manuscript of the preprints, the single-round peer review reports and the author’s revised response to the single-round review reports. Relying on the integrity of its content system, it not only has two core merits of fulfilling the peer-review quality control for preprints’ post-publication and serving the current journal academic publishing process, but also goes with two additional values of providing peer-review learning examples for researchers and assisting the public to give scientific evaluation for the early findings in the preprints.
[1] BERG J M, BHALLAH N, BOURNE P E, et al. Preprints for the life sciences[J]. Science, 2016, 352(6288):899-901.
[2] Wikipedia. Preprints[EB/OL].[2022-08-09]. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Preprint.
[3] 匡登辉, 王丽婷.COVID-19预印本的影响力分析及其发展启示[J]. 数字图书馆论坛, 2020(12):45-50.
[4] SHELDON T. Preprints could promote confusion and distortion[J]. Nature, 2018, 559(7714):445-446.
[5] 唐耕砚. 重构与再造:预印本平台对科学交流体系的影响[J]. 科学学研究, 2021, 39(10):1729-1735, 1831.
[6] GIORGIA G. Will refereed preprints transform scientific communication[EB/OL].[2022-08-06]. https://www.reviewcommons.org/blog/will-refereed-preprints-transformscientific-communication/.
[7] Review Commons. Changing the plumbing of scientific publication[EB/OL].[2022-08-03]. https://www.reviewcommons.org/blog/changing-the-plumbing-of-scientific-publishing/.
[8] 王颖, 张智雄, 钱力, 等. ChinaXiv预印本服务平台构建[J]. 数字图书馆论坛, 2017(10):20-25.
[9] 倪思洁. 中科院预印本平台ChinaXiv实现全新升级[N]. 中国科学报, 2022-07-18(03).
[10] Reimage Review. Explore preprint review platforms[EB/OL].[2022-10-08]. https://reimaginereview.asapbio.org/.
[11] THOMAS L, BERND P. Review Commons-pre-journal peer review[J]. EMBO reports, 2019, 20(12):1-2.
[12] BERND P, THOMAS L. Peer review beyond journals[J]. The EMBO journal, 2019, 38(23):1-3.
[13] ZAIDI M, HARPER M, ANNA A, et al. eLife and medicine:rigorous review and editorial oversight of clinical preprints[EB/OL].[2022-11-30]. https://elifesciences.org/articles/67528.
[14] 解贺嘉, 刘筱敏. 预印本平台开放评议运行模式实证研究[J]. 中国科技期刊研究, 2021, 32(10):1227-1233.
[15] 王俊美. 构建预印本的同行评议制度[N]. 中国社会科学报, 2021-09-06(3).
[16] RIEGER O Y, STEINHART G, COOPER D. arXiv@25:Key findings of a user survey[EB/OL].[2022-11-30]. https://arxiv.org/abs/1607.08212
[17] BAAS J, FENNELL C. When peer reviewers go rogue-estimated prevalence of citation manipulation by reviewers based on the citation patterns of 69000 reviewers[EB/OL].[2022-11-30]. https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3339568.
[18] 洪蔚. 审稿 人" 监守 自盗 ":" 科学 经济 时代 " 的诱 惑[EB/OL].[2022-11-30]. http://news.sciencenet.cn/htmlnews/2011/6/248899.shtm.
[19] KRIEGESKORTE N. Open evaluation:a vision for entirely transparent post-publication peer review and rating for science[J]. Frontiers in computational neuroscience, 2012, 6(10):1-18.
[20] WANG L F, ZHAN Y Q. A conceptual peer review model for arXiv and other preprint databases[J]. Learned publishing, 2019, 32(3):213-219.
[21] 杨硕. 预印本库与传统期刊合作的典型模式研究[J]. 科技与出版, 2020(7):130-136.
[22] bioRxiv. Submit bioRxiv preprint to a journal or peer review service[EB/OL].[2022-10-08]. https://submit.biorxiv.org/submission/submissionhelp#send_paper_away_author.
[23] ESSOAr. 1-Click preprint transfer service[EB/OL].[2022-10-07]. https://www.essoar.org/faq#1clicktransfer.
[24] Springer Nature. In review[EB/OL].[2022-10-07]. https://www.springernature.com/gp/authors/campaigns/in-review.
[25] Elsevier. About SSRN[EB/OL].[2022-10-07]. https://www.elsevier.com/solutions/ssrn.
[26] BARSH G S, BERGMAN C M, BROWN C D, et al. Bringing PLOS Genetics editors to preprint servers[J]. Plos genetics, 2016, 12(12):1-2.
[27] KIERMER V. Community comments and peer review:a preprint commenting pilot at PLOS[EB/OL].[2022-11-30]. https://theplosblog.plos.org/2019/11/community-comments-and-peerreview-a-preprint-commenting-pilot-at-plos/.
[28] BUCK A M, FLAGAN R C, COLES B. Scholar's forum:a new model for scholarly communication[EB/OL].[2022-10-07]. https://authors.library.caltech.edu/25880/.
[29] TILMANN K. EMBO and ASAPbio to launch a pre-journal portable review platform[EB/OL].[2022-11-30]. https://www.embo.org/press-releases/embo-and-asapbio-to-launch-a-prejournal-portable-review-platform/.
[30] Review Commons. How it works[EB/OL].[2022-11-30]. https://www.reviewcommons.org/wpcontent/uploads/2020/08/Review_Commons_Poster_Web.pdf.
[31] CSHL press. Transparent review in preprints[EB/OL].[2022-11- 30]. https://www.cshl.edu/transparent-review-in-preprints/.
[32] DocMaps. DocMaps framework overview[EB/OL].[2022- 11-30]. https://docmaps.knowledgefutures.org/pub/sgkf1pqa/release/7.
[33] Review Commons. Refereed preprints[EB/OL].[2022-10-07]. https://www.reviewcommons.org/refereed-preprints/.
[34] EEB. About[EB/OL].[2022-10-07]. https://eeb.embo.org/about
[35] YAN V, POLKA J. ReimagineReview data[EB/OL].[2022-11- 30]. https://zenodo.org/record/6258801#.YmNi9e1By5d.
[36] EEB. Refereed preprints[EB/OL].[2022-11-30]. https://eeb.embo.org/refereed-preprints/.
[37] EMBO. Transparent process[EB/OL].[2022-11-30]. https://www.embopress.org/transparent-process/.
[38] Peer Community In. What is a recommendation?[EB/OL].[2022-11-30]. https://peercommunityin.org/faq/.
[39] ALTAY S. Author response:"information delivered by a chatbot has a positive impact on COVID-19 vaccines attitudes and intentions."[EB/OL]. https://rapidreviewscovid19.mitpress.mit. edu/pub/m0qtexyy.
[40] 马瀚青, 周小玲, 侯春梅, 等. 基于社交网络的同行评议新模式——基于Peerage of Science与Frontiers平台的案例研究[J]. 中国科技期刊研究, 2015, 26(9):935-940.
[41] bioRxiv. Submission guide[EB/OL].[2022-08-02]. https://www.biorxiv.org/submit-a-manuscript.
[42] bioRxiv. Frequently asked questions[EB/OL].[2022-08-02]. https://www.biorxiv.org/about/FAQ.
[43] medRxiv. Submission guide[EB/OL].[2022-08-02]. https://www.medrxiv.org/submit-a-manuscript.
[44] medRxiv. Frequently asked questions[EB/OL].[2022-08-02]. https://www.medrxiv.org/about/FAQ.
[45] SOLLACI L B, PEREIRA M G. The introduction, methods, results, and discussion (IMRAD) structure:a fifty-year survey[J]. Journal of the medical library association, 2004, 92(3):364-367.
[46] ICMJE. Disclosure of interest[EB/OL].[2022-08-03]. https://www.icmje.org/disclosure-of-interest/.
[47] SciScore. How to create a report?[EB/OL].[2022-11-30]. https://sciscore.com/reports/how-do-I-create-reports.php.
[48] Review Commons. Guidelines for reviewers[EB/OL].[2022-11- 30]. https://www.reviewcommons.org/reviewers/.
[49] HETTEY A, GRIGGIO M, MANN M, et al. Peerage of Science:will it work?[J]. Trends in Ecology and Evolution, 2012, 27(4):189-190.
[50] Peer Ref. Referee guidelines[EB/OL].[2022-11-30]. https://www.peerref.com/guidelines.
[51] EMBO. Referee guidelines[EB/OL].[2022-08-09]. https://www. embopress.org/page/journal/17444292/refereeguide.
[52] eLife. Reviewer guide[EB/OL].[2022-08-07]. https://reviewer. elifesciences.org/reviewer-guide/writing-the-review.
[53] Peer Community In. Guide for reviewers[EB/OL].[2022-11-30]. https://ecology.peercommunityin.org/help/guide_for_reviewers#h_99535855847271619016919764.
[54] RR:C19. RR:C19 peer review guidelines and desired content[EB/OL].[2022-11-30]. https://rrid.mitpress.mit.edu/guidelines.
[55] COPE. Ethical guidelines for peer reviewers(English)[EB/OL].[2022-11-30]. https://publicationethics.org/node/19886.
[56] Review Commons. Revision plan[EB/OL].[2022-11-30]. https://reviewcommons.org/templates/revision-plan.docx.
[57] Review Commons. Full revision[EB/OL].[2022-11-30]. https://reviewcommons.org/templates/full-revision.docx.
[58] POLKA J, PUEBL I, PATTINSON D, et al. PReF:describing key preprint review features[EB/OL].[2022-08-01]. https://osf.io/8zj9w.
[59] Peer Community In. What is peer community journal?[EB/OL].[2022-08-07]. https://peercommunityin.org/pc-journal/.
[60] VAN S F, DUDEK J. Reporting preprints in the media during the COVID-19 pandemic[J]. Public understanding of science, 2022, 31(5):608-616.
[61] COATES J. Opinion:the rise of preprints is no cause for alarm[EB/OL].[2022-08-07]. https://www.the-scientist.com/news-opinion/opinion-the-rise-of-preprints-is-no-cause-foralarm-68667.
