情报研究

基于问题——解决方案(P-S)的技术机会发现研究

  • 伊惠芳 ,
  • 刘细文 ,
  • 陆婕 ,
  • 王宝燕 ,
  • 刘勋 ,
  • 董坤
展开
  • 1 青岛大学图书馆 青岛 266071;
    2 中国科学院文献情报中心 北京 100190;
    3 中国科学院大学经济与管理学院信息资源管理系 北京 100190;
    4 山东理工大学信息管理研究院 淄博 255049
伊惠芳,馆员,博士,特聘副教授;刘细文,中心主任,研究员,博士生导师;王宝燕,副研究馆员,硕士;刘勋,副研究馆员,硕士;董坤,副研究馆员,博士,在职博士后。

收稿日期: 2022-12-13

  修回日期: 2023-02-15

  网络出版日期: 2023-09-11

基金资助

本文系国家社会科学基金项目“知识流动视角下科技成果转化路径预测与选择研究”(项目编号:20CTQ032)研究成果之一。

Research on Technology Opportunity Discovery Based on Problem-Solution (P-S)

  • Yi Huifang ,
  • Liu Xiwen ,
  • Lu Jie ,
  • Wang Baoyan ,
  • Liu Xun ,
  • Dong Kun
Expand
  • 1 Qingdao University Library, Qingdao 266071;
    2 National Science Library, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190;
    3 Department of Information Resources Management, School of Economics and Management, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190;
    4 Institute of Information Management, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255049

Received date: 2022-12-13

  Revised date: 2023-02-15

  Online published: 2023-09-11

摘要

[目的/意义] 以问题为导向,以解决方案为途径开展技术机会发现研究对于科技工作者更好把握创新突破方向、攻克关键核心技术、推进技术创新具有积极意义。[方法/过程] 以P-S为指导思想,遵循发现问题—找寻解决方案—发现技术机会的研究过程,构建面向技术问题与解决方案的技术机会发现框架,首先利用机器学习标注模型和主题模型分析专利说明书、综述论文和技术需求文档等样本以识别关键技术问题,其次利用SAO和关联匹配识别技术解决方案专利,并利用离群探测方法识别潜在的技术机会专利,最后通过建立技术机会评价体系进行机会的评价,以发现技术机会。[结果/结论] 石墨烯实证领域验证了本研究框架的有效性与准确性,该框架能够自上而下,层层深入地揭示技术创新的关键矛盾和技术发展可能性。

本文引用格式

伊惠芳 , 刘细文 , 陆婕 , 王宝燕 , 刘勋 , 董坤 . 基于问题——解决方案(P-S)的技术机会发现研究[J]. 图书情报工作, 2023 , 67(17) : 102 -117 . DOI: 10.13266/j.issn.0252-3116.2023.17.009

Abstract

[Purpose/Significance] It is of positive significance for scientific and technological researchers to better grasp the direction of innovation breakthrough, conquer key core technologies and promote technological innovation to carry out technology opportunity discovery research based on problem orientation and solution approach. [Method/Process] With P-S, following the research process of problems-solutions-technology opportunities, this paper constructed a technology opportunity discovery framework oriented to technical problems and solutions. First, it used machine learning annotation model and topic model to analyze multiple samples of patent specifications, review papers and technical requirements documents to identify key technical problems. Secondly, SAO and association matching were used to identify technical solution patents, and outlier detection method were used to identify potential technology opportunity patents. Finally, technology opportunity evaluation system was established, so as to find technology opportunities. [Result/Conclusion] The empirical field of graphene has verified the effectiveness and accuracy of this research framework, which can deeply reveal the key contradictions of technological innovation and the possibility of technological development from top to bottom.

参考文献

[1] LEE S, YOON B, PARK Y. An approach to discovering new technology opportunities:keyword-based patent map approach[J]. Technovation, 2009, 29(6):481-497.
[2] 龚惠群, 刘琼泽, 黄摇超. 机器人产业技术机会发现研究——基于专利文本挖掘[J]. 科技进步与对策, 2014, 31(5):70-74. (GONG H Q, LIU Q Z, HUANG Y C. Research on dis-covery robot industry technology opportunities:based on patent text mining[J]. Science & technology progress and policy, 2014, 31(5):70-74.)
[3] 韩燕, 彭爱东. 基于技术形成三要素的技术机会识别研究——以医疗服务机器人领域技术为例[J]. 情报理论与实践, 2020, 43(5):156-162. (HAN Y, PENG A D. Study on technology opportunity identification based on elements of technology formation:a case of the technology of medical service robot[J]. Information studies:theory & application, 2020, 43(5):156-162.)
[4] 翟东升, 刘摇鹤, 张摇杰, 等. 一种基于链路预测的技术机会挖掘方法[J]. 情报学报, 2016, 35(10):1090-1100. (ZHAI D S, LIU Y H, ZHANG Y J, et al. Approach to mining technology opportunity based on link prediction[J]. Journal of the China Society for Scientific and Technical Information, 2016, 35(10):1090-1100.)
[5] YOON B, PARK Y. A systematic approach for identifying technology opportunities:keyword-based morphology analysis[J]. Technological forecasting & social change, 2005, 72(2):145-160.
[6] 张福俊, 叶权慧, 于路云. 基于知识图谱的海洋科学领域技术机会分析[J]. 科技管理研究, 2017, 37(24):165-170. (ZHANG F J, YE Q H, YU L Y. Analysis of technical opportunity in marine science field based on knowledge graph[J]. Science and technology management research, 2017, 37(24):165-170.)
[7] WANG J, CHEN Y J. A novelty detection patent mining approach for analyzing technological opportunities[J]. Advanced engineering informatics, 2019, 42. 100941.
[8] 黄鲁成, 李晓宇, 李晋. 基于专利的ABOD-RFM技术机会识别方法研究[J]. 情报理论与实践, 2020, 43(5):156-162. (HUANG LC, LI X Y, LI J. Research on technology opportunity identification method of ABOD-RFM based on patent[J]. Information studies:theory & application, 2020, 43(5):156-162.)
[9] SEO W, YOON J, PARK H, et al. Product opportunity identification based on internal capa-bilities using text mining and association rule mining[J]. Technological forecasting and social change, 2016, 105:94-104.
[10] 成思源, 周金平, 郭钟宁. 技术创新方法——TRIZ理论及应用[M]. 北京:清华大学出版社, 2014. (CHENG S Y, ZHOU J P, GUO Z J. Technological innovation methods-TRIZ theory and applications[M]. Beijing:Tsinghua University Press, 2014.)
[11] 中华人民共和国国家知识产权局. 专利审查指南2010[M]. 北京:知识产权出版社, 2010. (China National Intellectual Property Administration. Guidelines for patent examination 2010[M]. Beijing:Intellectual Property Publishing House, 2010.)
[12] 李伟. 面向技术问题的中文专利聚类分析[D]. 天津:河北工业大学, 2018. (LI W. Chinese patent clustering analysis for technical problems[D]. Tianjin:Hebei University of Technology, 2018.)
[13] 程海东, 陈凡. 解析技术问题的认识论地位和作用[J]. 东北大学学报(社会科学版), 2012, 14(1):1-5. (CHENG D H, CHEN F. A study on the epistemological status and role of technological problems[J]. Journal of Northeastern University (social science), 2012, 14(1):1-5.)
[14] YANAKA H, OHSAWA Y. Clustering documents on case vectors represented by predicate-argument structures-applied for eliciting technological problems from patents[J]. IEEE, 2016, 8:175-180.
[15] 李倩叶, 周静, 尚言明. 技术问题表达在检索运用中的平衡性研究[J]. 中国发明与专利, 2020, 17(S1):89-93. (LI Q Y, ZHOU J, SHANG Y M. The balance research of technical problem search[J]. China invention & patent, 2020, 17(S1):89-93.)
[16] EPO. European paten guide[EB/OL].[2023-05-23] https://link.epo.org/web/how_to_get_a_european_patent_2022_en.pdf.
[17] EPO. Euro-PCT guide[EB/OL].[2023-05-23]. https://link.epo.org/web/euro_pct_guide_2021_en.pdf.
[18] 孙富利, 孙超一. 浅析专利法第二条第三款中技术方案的含义[J]. 今日湖北旬刊, 2014(6). (SUN F L, SUN C Y. Analysis of the meaning of technical solutions in article 2(3) of the patent law[J]. Today's Hubei weekly, 2014(6).)
[19] 技术方案. 百度百科[EB/OL].[2021-11-21]. https://baike.baidu.com/item/%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF%E6%96%B9%E6%A1%88/10556729?fr=aladdin. (Technical Solution. Baidu Baike[EB/OL].[2021-11-21]. https://baike.baidu.com/item/%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF%E6%96%B9%E6%A1%88/10556729?fr=aladdin.)
[20] KIM Y, TIAN Y, JEONG Y, et al. Automatic discovery of technology trends from patent text[C]//Proceedings of the 2009 ACM symposium on applied computing. Hon-olulu:Hawaii, 2009:1480-1487.
[21] 李乾瑞, 郭俊芳, 朱东华. 新兴技术创新机会识别方法研究[J]. 中国软科学, 2018(11):138-147. (LI Q R, GUO J F, ZHU D H. ldentification of technology innovation opportunity for emerging technology[J]. China soft science, 2018(11):138-147.)
[22] 汪雪锋, 李兵, 许幸荣, 等. 基于形态分析法的创新导图构建及应用研究[J]. 科学学研究, 2014, 32(2):178-183, 177. (WANG X F, LI B, XU X R, et al. Research on construction and application of innovation mapping based on morphology analysis[J]. Studies in science of science, 2014, 32(2):178-183, 177.)
[23] 刘化然, 曹旭, 张晓冬, 等. 基于专利技术功效矩阵的技术机会识别方法[J]. 图书情报导刊, 2020, 5(6):65-70. (LIU H R, CAO X, ZHANG X D, et al. Identification method of technology opportunities based on patent technology effect matrix[J]. Journal of library and information science, 2020, 5(6):65-70.)
[24] LEE J, JEONG B, KO N, et al. A Problem-Solution based patent text mining approach for technological competition intelligence analysis[J]. The journal of intellectual property, 2018, 13(3):171-204.
[25] 杨超, 朱东华, 汪雪锋, 等. 专利技术主题分析:基于SAO结构的LDA主题模型方法[J]. 图书情报工作, 2017, 61(3):86-96. (YANG C, ZHU D H, WANG X F, et al. Technical topic analysis in patents:SAO-based LDA modeling[J]. Library and information service, 2017, 61(3):86-96.)
[26] 郭俊芳. 基于语义挖掘的技术创新路径分析与评价方法研究[D]. 北京:北京理工大学, 2016. (GUO J F. A semantic miningbased method to analyze and evaluate technology innovation pathway[D]. Beijing:Beijing Institute of Technology, 2016.)
[27] 付芸, 汪雪锋, 李佳, 等. 基于SAO结构的创新解决方案遴选研究——以空气净化技术为例[J]. 图书情报工作, 2019, 63(6):75-84. (FU Y, WANG X F, LI J, et al. Research on selection of innovative solutions based on SAO structure:a case study on air purification technology[J]. Library and information service, 2019, 63(6):75-84.)
[28] 伊惠芳, 刘细文, 龙艺璇. 基于多文本分析的领域关键技术问题挖掘方法研究[J]. 情报理论与实践, 2023, 46(1):187-196. (YI H F, LIU X W, LONG Y X. Research on mining domain key technical problems based on multi-text analysis[J]. Information studies:theory & application, 2023, 46(1):187-196.)
[29] 朱光, 刘蕾, 李凤景. 基于LDA和LSTM模型的研究主题关联与预测研究——以隐私研究为例[J]. 现代情报, 2020, 40(8):38-50. (ZHU G, LIU L, LI F J. Research on topic relation and prediction based on LDA and LSTM:a case study of privacy research[J]. Journal of modern information, 2020, 40(8):38-50.)
[30] 伊惠芳, 刘细文. 一种专利技术主题分析的IPC语境增强Context-LDA模型研究[J]. 数据分析与知识发现, 2021, 5(4):25-36. (YI H F, LIU X W. Analyzing patent technology topics with IPC context-enhanced context-LDA model[J]. Data analysis and knowledge discovery, 2021, 5(4):25-36.)
[31] 黄鲁成, 蔡爽. 基于专利的判断技术机会的方法及实证研究[J]. 科学学研究, 2010, 28(2):215-220. (HUANG L C, CAI S. An empirical study on the evaluation of the technical opportunity based on the patents[J]. Studies in science of science, 2010, 28(2):215-220.)
[32] 北京石墨烯研究院. 石墨烯为什么难以分散?如何解决?[EB/OL].[2023-05-23]. http://bgi-graphene.com/article/216. (Beijing Graphene Institute. Why is Graphene difficult to disperse?How to solve it?[EB/OL].[2023-05-23]. http://bgigraphene.com/article/216.)
[33] 明德润和新材料(珠海)有限公司. 一种用多步骤弱氧化-还原法制备高性能石墨烯的方法:CN108928815B[P]. 2018-09-10. (Mingde Runhe New Materials (Zhuhai) CO., LTD. A method for preparing high-performance Graphene by multi-step weak oxidation reduction method:CN108928815B[P]. 2018-09-10.)
[34] 绍兴文理学院. 一种石墨烯材料的制备方法:CN108190868A[P]. 2018-03-06. (Shaoxing University. A preparation method of Graphene material:CN108190868A[P]. 2018-03-06.)
[35] ZING清. 石墨烯相容和分散性差两大问题得到解决[EB/OL].[2023-05-23] https://tieba.baidu.com/p/5978279311?red_tag=1453735530. (ZING Q. The two major prob-lems of poor compatibility and dispersion of Graphene have been solved[EB/OL].[2023-05-23] https://tieba.baidu.com/p/5978279311?red_tag=1453735530.)
[36] 钱景. 一种烷基化环糊精还原氧化石墨烯的方法:CN105016334A[P]. 2015-08-22. (QIAN J. A method of reducing graphite oxide with alkylated cyclodextrin:CN105016334A[P]. 2015-08-22.)
[37] 武春亮, 顾方, 鲁瑛, 等. 制备石墨烯的专利技术最新进展[J]. 精细与专用化学品, 2018, 26(11):38-43. (WU C L, GU F, LU Y, et al. Progress on the latest patented technology for the preparation of graphene[J]. Fine and specialty chemicals, 2018, 26(11):38-43.)
[38] 武汉科技大学. 基于从高温裂解炭中分离纯化石墨烯的方法:CN108439390A[P]. 2018-05-29. (Wuhan University of Science and Technology. Method based on separating pure graphene from pyrolytic carbon:CN108439390A[P]. 2018-05-29.)
[39] 国际新技术资料网北京恒志信科技发展公司. 高质量、大规模石墨烯材料制造新技术工艺汇编[EB/OL].[2023-05-23]. http://www.360doc.com/content/19/1018/11/54666008_867591598.shtml. (International New Technology Information Network Beijing Hengzhixin Technology Development CO., LTD. Compilation of new technologies and processes for manufacturing high quality and large scale graphene materials[EB/OL].[2023-05-23]. http://www.360doc.com/content/19/1018/11/54666008_867591598.shtml.)
[40] 昂星新型碳材料常州有限公司. 石墨烯的制备方法和石墨烯:CN107973293A[P]. 2017-12-18. (Onstar New Carbon Materials Changzhou CO., LTD. Preparation method of graphene and graphene:CN107973293A[P]. 2017-12-18.)
[41] 成都新柯力化工科技有限公司. 一种机械剥离分级制备石墨烯微片分散液的方法:CN106542527A[P]. 2017-01-06. (Chengdu Xinkeli Chemical Technology CO., LTD. A method for preparing graphene microchip dispersion by mechanical stripping and grading:CN106542527A[P]. 2017-01-06.)
[42] 山东欧铂新材料有限公司. 一种高导电性石墨烯的制备方法:CN107416811A[P]. 2017-06-21. (Shandong Oubo New Materials CO., LTD. A preparation method of high conductivity graphene:CN107416811A[P]. 2017-06-21.)
[43] 大连理工大学. 一种CO2膨胀液体中引入位错滑移作用剥离天然石墨粉制备石墨烯的方法:CN201610006013.9[P]. 2016-06-08. (Dalian University of Technology. A method for preparing graphene from natural graphite powder by introducing dislocation slip into CO2 expansion liquid:CN201610006013.9[P]. 2016-06-08.)
[44] 曾洪亮, 王秋香, 温业成, 等. 石墨烯制备方法的研究进展[J]. 炭素技术, 2021, 40(5):8-13. (ZENG H L, WANG Q X, WEN Y C, et al. Research progress in preparation methods of graphene[J]. Carbon techniques, 2021, 40(5):8-13.)
[45] 中国化工信息周刊. 石墨烯制备新招数——超临界流体插层剥离法[EB/OL].[2023-05-23]. https://www.sohu.com/a/219127511_806277. (China Chemical Information Weekly. A new way to prepare graphene:supercritical fluid intercalation stripping method[EB/OL].[2023-05-23]. https://www.sohu.com/a/219127511_806277.)
[46] 贤集网. 超临界流体剥离工艺简单成本低为石墨烯工业化生产提供新思路[EB/OL].[2023-05-23]. https://www.xianjichina.com/special/detail_399638.html. (Xianji. The simple and low cost supercritical fluid stripping process provides a new idea for the industrial production of Graphene[EB/OL].[2023-05-23]. https://www.xianjichina.com/special/detail_399638.html.)
文章导航

/