理论研究

科学数据的控制策略及其模型优化

  • 文禹衡 ,
  • 徐坤杉
展开
  • 1. 湘潭大学知识产权学院 湘潭 411105;
    2. 湖南省数据治理与智慧司法研究中心 湘潭 411105
文禹衡,湖南省数据治理与智慧司法研究中心主任,副教授,博士,硕士生导师,E-mail:jsjmyh@163.com;徐坤杉,硕士研究生

收稿日期: 2023-04-13

  修回日期: 2023-07-29

  网络出版日期: 2023-11-27

基金资助

本文系国家社会科学基金青年项目“数据要素确权的法律供给研究”(项目编号:21CFX007)研究成果之一

The Control Strategy of Scientific Data and Its Model Optimization

  • Wen Yuheng ,
  • Xu Kunshan
Expand
  • 1. School of Intellectual Property, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105;
    2. Hunan Data Governance and Smart Judicial Research Center, Xiangtan 411105

Received date: 2023-04-13

  Revised date: 2023-07-29

  Online published: 2023-11-27

摘要

[目的/意义] 提出并优化科学数据的控制策略及其模型,有助于推进科学数据平台的基础制度建设,平衡科学数据安全保护与共享利用。[方法/过程] 选择国家级科学数据平台的用户协议等为样本,运用扎根理论方法获取76个初始概念、9个副范畴和5个主范畴,进而提炼科学数据的控制策略模型。[结果/结论] 我国科学数据平台已形成以目的、行为、权利、身份和责任为构成要素的“五控一体”控制策略模型,建议从事前防御、事中管理和事后归责方面,优化形成“三阶段”控制策略模型。具体措施包括:①概括列举目的类型,强化目的控制;②明确数据权利归属,加强权利控制;③统一分级分类管理,补强身份控制;④通过转型平台自治平衡平台管理与用户控制,通过新增行业他律促进平台意识与规范统一;⑤合理分配平台、用户和科学数据提供者的责任。

本文引用格式

文禹衡 , 徐坤杉 . 科学数据的控制策略及其模型优化[J]. 图书情报工作, 2023 , 67(21) : 13 -24 . DOI: 10.13266/j.issn.0252-3116.2023.21.002

Abstract

[Purpose/Significance] Proposing and optimizing the control strategy and model of scientific data will help to promote the basic system of scientific data platform and balance the protection and sharing of scientific data. [Method/Process] Taking the user agreements of the national scientific data centers as samples, it obtained 76initial concepts, 9 subcategories and 5 main categories, and then refined the control strategy model of scientific data.[Result/Conclusion] In China, scientific data platforms have formed a “five-control-in-one” control strategy model with purpose, behavior, rights, identity and responsibility as the constituent elements, which can be optimized to a “three-stage” control strategy model in the aspects of pre-defense, in-process supervision and post-event imputations. Specifically, the measures include: summarizing the purposes types for purpose control; clarifying the ownership of data rights for rights control; unifying classification management for identity control; transforming platform autonomy for the balance of platform management and user control, and adding new industry heteronomy for the unity of platform awareness and norms; rationally allocating the responsibilities of platforms, users and scientific data providers.

参考文献

[1] 中华人民共和国中央人民政府.中共中央国务院关于构建数据基础制度更好发挥数据要素作用的意见[EB/OL].[2023-10-01].https://www.gov.cn/zhengce/2022-12/19/content_5732695.htm.(The Central People’s Government of the People’s Republic of China.Opinions of the Central Committee of the CPC and the State Council on building basic systems for data to give full play to the role of data resources[EB/OL].[2023-10-01].https://www.gov.cn/zhengce/2022-12/19/content_5732695.htm.)
[2] 中华人民共和国中央人民政府.国务院办公厅关于印发科学数据管理办法的通知[EB/OL].[2023-10-01].https://www.gov.cn/zhengce/content/2018-04/02/content_5279272.htm.(The Central People’s Government of the People’s Republic of China.The scientific data management rules[EB/OL].[2023-10-01].https://www.gov.cn/zhengce/content/2018-04/02/content_5279272.htm.)
[3] 邓仲华,黄雅婷.“互联网+”环境下我国科学数据共享平台发展研究[J].情报理论与实践,2017,40(2):128-132.(DENGZ H,HUANG Y T.Research on the development of scientific data sharing platform at home in the“Internet+”environment[J].Information studies:theory&application,2017,40(2):128-132.)
[4] 张新兴.科学数据共享平台的建设与服务探讨[J].现代情报,2016,36(11):109-113.(ZHANG X X.Research on development and service of scientific data sharing platform[J].Journal of modern information,2016,36(11):109-113.)
[5] 李正超.国内科学数据共享平台建设现状及发展策略研究[J].图书馆理论与实践,2018(8):108-112.(LI Z C.Study on the current situation and development strategy of domestic scientific data sharing platform[J].Library theory and practice,2018(8):108-112.)
[6] 司莉,王雨娃.我国科学数据共享平台数据组织的现状及改进建议--基于国家科技基础条件平台的分析[J].图书馆建设,2018(10):52-58.(SI L,WANG Y W.Current situation and suggestions of data organization on domestic scientific data sharing platforms:a study based on national science and technology infrastructure platform[J].Library development,2018(10):52-58.)
[7] 朱亮,孟宪学,赵瑞雪,等.国家农业科学数据共享中心资源建设探析[J].数字图书馆论坛,2017(11):15-20.(ZHU L,MENG X X,ZHAO R X,et al.Research on resource construction for National Agricultural Science Data Sharing Center[J].Digital library forum,2017(11):15-20.)
[8] 南卓铜,王亮绪,吴立宗,等.科学数据中心数据与知识集成[J].中国科技资源导刊,2010,42(5):15-21,36.(NAN Z T,WANG L X,WU L Z,et al.Experiences in data and knowledge integration of the environmental and ecological science data center for West China[J].China science&technology resources review,2010,42(5):15-21,36.)
[9] 李翼,吴丹.开放医学科学数据平台调查研究[J].图书情报工作,2015,59(18):24-29,50.(LI Y,WU D.Research on open medical scientific data platform[J].Library and information service,2015,59(18):24-29,50.)
[10] 孙叶华,刘桂锋,陈帅印.基于黄河流域专题数据的国家科学数据中心关联模型构建研究[J].数字图书馆论坛,2022(8):2-10.(SUN Y H,LIU G F,CHEN S Y.Research on the construction of association model of national science data center based on the thematic data of Yellow River basin[J].Digital library forum,2022(8):2-10.)
[11] 储节旺,杨婷婷.长三角跨区域科学数据中心建设研究[J].数字图书馆论坛,2022(6):58-64.(CHU J W,YANG T T.Study on the construction of cross-regional scientific data center in Yangtze River Delta[J].Digital library forum,2022(6):58-64.)
[12] 廖小罕,封志明,高星,等.野外科学观测研究台站(网络)和科学数据中心建设发展[J].地理学报,2020,75(12):2669-2683.(LIAO X G,FENG Z M,GAO X,et al.The development of field scientific observation and research stations (networks)and scientific data centers[J].Acta geographica sinica,2020,75(12):2669-2683.)
[13] 张计龙,殷沈琴,张用,等.社会科学数据的共享与服务--以复旦大学社会科学数据共享平台为例[J].大学图书馆学报,2015,33(1):74-79.(ZHANG J L,YIN S Q,ZHANG Y,et al.Social scientific data sharing and serving:an example of Fudan University social scientific data platform[J].Journal of academic libraries,2015,33(1):74-79.)
[14] 肖雪葵.关于湖南省科技信息与科学数据共享平台建设的研究报告[J].科技进步与对策,2007(2):124-127.(XIAO XK.Research report on the construction of Hunan science and technology information and scientific data sharing platform[J].Science&technology progress and policy,2007(2):124-127.)
[15] 司莉,李月婷,邢文明,等.我国科学数据共享平台绩效评估实证研究[J].图书馆理论与实践,2014(9):30-35.(SI L,LIY T,XING W M,et al.An empirical study on the performance evaluation of scientific data sharing platforms in China[J].Library theory and practice,2014(9):30-35.)
[16] 司莉,华小琴.我国科学数据共享平台的服务效能分析[J].图书馆工作与研究,2014(4):24-26.(SI L,HUA X Q.Analysis of the service effectiveness of national science and technology infrastructure platforms[J].Library work and study,2014(4):24-26.)
[17] 王翠萍,宋雯琪,姜鑫妍,等.我国科学数据共享平台数据描述及引用规范调查研究[J].图书馆学研究,2022(11):76-85.(WANG C P,SONG W Q,JIANG X Y,et al.Investigation and research on scientific data description and citation standards of domestic scientific data sharing platform[J].Research on library science,2022(11):76-85.)
[18] 刘小宇,纪雪梅,王芳.我国科学数据共享平台的被引用状况调查与分析--以国家科技基础条件平台为例[J].情报杂志,2020,39(9):168-175.(LIU X Y,JI X M,WANG F.How does academic literature cite scientific data on the national science&technology infrastructure platform[J].Journal of intelligence,2020,39(9):168-175.)
[19] 孙卫,罗之兰,张蔚.科学数据共享平台的数据管理研究[J].科学学与科学技术管理,2005(12):32-36.(SUN W,LUO Z L,ZHANG W.Research on management of science data sharing platform[J].Science of science and management of S.&T.,2005(12):32-36.)
[20] 文禹衡,金铭.科学数据中心用户注册协议的合规性评估研究[J].图书情报知识,2022,39(1):119-129.(WEN Y H,JIN M.Compliance assessment of user registration agreements of scientific data centers[J].Documentation,information&knowledge,2022,39(1):119-129.)
[21] 王亮绪,吴立宗,南卓铜,等.开源技术在地球科学数据中心中的应用[J].中国科技资源导刊,2010,42(3):17-23,35.(WANG L X,WU L Z,NAN Z T,et al.Application of open source technologies in geoscientific data centers[J].China science&technology resources review,2010,42(3):17-23,35.)
[22] 高峰,王剑.知识管理在项目管理中的应用研究--以农业科学数据共享中心项目为例[J].科技管理研究,2012,32(16):184-187.(GAO F,WANG J.Study on the application of knowledge management in project management[J].Science and technology management research,2012,32(16):184-187.)
[23] 刘敬仪,江洪,廖宇.德国地球科学领域科学数据中心调查与启示[J].数字图书馆论坛,2019(12):52-58.(LIU J Y,JIANG H,LIAO Y.Research and enlightenment from Germany scientific data center for the field of geoscience[J].Digital library forum,2019(12):52-58.)
[24] 吴思竹,王安然,修晓蕾,等.欧美生物医学科学数据中心建设及启示[J].数字图书馆论坛,2022(4):2-10.(WU SZ,WANG A R,XIU X L,et al.Construction and implications of biomedical scientific data centers in Europe and the United States[J].Digital library forum,2022(4):2-10.)
[25] ARORA R.Data management:state-of-the-practice at openscience data centers[M]//Handbook on data centers.New York:Springer,2015:1095-1108.
[26] DOWNS R R.Implementing the group on earth observations data management principles:observations of a scientific data center[J].The international archives of the photogrammetry,remote sensing and spatial information sciences,2017,XLII-3/W2:51-55.
[27] ARDESTANI S B,HAKANSSON C J,LAURE E,et al.B2SHARE:an open eScience data sharing platform[C]//IEEE11th international conference on e-Science.Munich:IEEE,2015:448-453.
[28] VIRT&L-COMM.VHERLA:a virtual molecular science data center allocated on the GARR cloud[EB/OL].[2023-08-19].http://services.chm.unipg.it/ojs/index.php/virtlcomm/article/view/203.
[29] KIM C W,YOON H,JIN D,et al.Integrated management system for a large computing resources in a scientific data center[J].The journal of super computing,2016,72(9):3511-3521.
[30] CINQUE M,COTRONEO D,FRATTINI F,et al.To cloudify or not to cloudify:the question for a scientific data center[J].IEEE transactions on cloud computing,2016,4(1):90-103.
[31] CAROSI A,LUCARELLI F,ANTONELLI L A,et al.The very high energy source catalog at the ASI science data center[EB/OL].[2023-10-11].https://arxiv.org/abs/1510.08681.
[32] 陈向明.扎根理论的思路和方法[J].教育研究与实验,1999(4):58-63,73.(CHEN X M.Grounded theory:its train of thought and methods[J].Educational research and experiment,1999(4):58-63,73.)
[33] 朱明,廖熙铸.高校图书馆管理制度内化的理论构建--基于扎根理论的探索性研究[J].图书情报工作,2019,63(5):32-41.(ZHU M,LIAO X Z.Theoretical construction of internalization of university library management system:an exploratory study based on grounded theory[J].Library and information service,2019,63(5):32-41.)
[34] 冯亚飞,胡昌平,仇蓉蓉.数字学术资源用户隐私关注影响因素模型构建--基于扎根理论[J].情报科学,2019,37(3):3-8.(FENG Y F,HU C P,QIU R R.Model construction of user privacy concerns for digital academic resources:a grounded theory study[J].Information science,2019,37(3):3-8.)
[35] 巫芯宇.基于移动终端的大学生深阅读行为影响因素研究--基于扎根理论的质性分析[J].图书情报工作,2021,65(24):80-88.(WU X Y.Research on the influencing factors of college students’deep reading behavior based on mobile terminal:qualitative analysis based on grounded theory[J].Library and information service,2021,65(24):80-88.)
[36] 文禹衡,贺亚峰.数据产权市场主体的认知调查与矫正[J].图书馆论坛,2022,42(3):31-42.(WEN Y H,HE Y F.A survey of market entities’conception of data property rights and its correction[J].Library tribune,2022,42(3):31-42.)
[37] 盛东方.我国图书情报研究中的扎根理论应用[J].图书馆论坛,2020,40(8):78-86.(SHENG D F.The application of grounded theory in library and information science research in China[J].Library tribune,2020,40(8):78-86.)
[38] 张敬伟,马东俊.扎根理论研究法与管理学研究[J].现代管理科学,2009(2):115-117.(ZHANG J W,MA D J.Grounded theory research method and management research[J].Modern management science,2009(2):115-117.)
[39] 文禹衡,付张祎.基于扎根理论的我国数据要素确权地方立法策略及其调整[J].图书情报工作,2023,67(7):53-66.(WENY H,FU Z Y.Local legislation strategy and adjustment on the right of data elements in China based on grounded theory[J].Library and information service,2023,67(7):53-66.)
[40] YANG J.A framework of user classification model of online user innovation communities based on user innovation value[J].Open journal of social sciences,2020,8(5):232-244.
[41] WILKINSON M D,DUMONTIER M,AALBERSBERG I J,et al.The FAIR guiding principles for scientific data management and steward ship[J].Scientific data,2016,3(1):1-9.
文章导航

/

〈 〉