[目的/意义] 近20年来以开放获取、开放数据等为核心的开放科学进入新发展阶段。把握生成式人工智能变革下的开放科学发展机遇，为推进我国开放科学高质量发展提供实践启发和政策参考。[方法/过程] 深度剖析生成式人工智能与开放科学的多重关联关系，全方位展望生成式人工智能为开放科学带来的发展机遇，同时生成式人工智能应用也存在不确定性，提出生成式人工智能技术下我国开放科学进程协同推进策略。[结果/结论] 开放科学与生成式人工智能呈现出理念协同、数据互促、生态融合关系，同时生成式人工智能对开放科学产生一系列正负影响。系统性前瞻生成式人工智能应用于开放科学的机遇与不确定性，趋利避害，从开放科学生成式人工智能应用政策规则构建、开放科学智能工具应用机制保障、开放科学智能服务平台建设、人本智能创新生态营造等方面，综合性提出我国推进开放科学与生成式人工智能融合发展、协同互促路径。
[Purpose/Significance] In the past two decades, open science centered on open access and open data has entered a new stage of development. Seize the opportunities for the development of open science under the transformation of Generative Artificial Intelligence, and provide practical inspiration and policy references for the high-quality development of open science in China. [Method/Process] Based on the multifaceted relationship between open science and Generative AI, this study comprehensively analyzed the development opportunities that Generative AI brings to open science, and systematically looked forward to the risks and challenges of Generative AI to open science. For the uncertainties associated with Generative AI applications, this study proposed strategies for the coordinated advancement of open science in China within Generative AI technologies. [Result/Conclusion] Open science has a supportive effect on the development of Generative AI, and Generative AI has a series of positive and negative impacts on open science. This paper systematically explores the opportunities and uncertainties associated with the application of Generative AI to open science and proposes some strategies for China to advance the integrated development and synergistic interaction of open science and Generative AI from building policy frameworks for Generative AI applications within open science, establishing mechanisms to ensure responsible use of AI-powered tools for open science, constructing intelligent service platforms dedicated to open science, and cultivating a human-centered, intelligent, and innovative ecosystem.
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