图书情报工作

图书情报工作 >

2025 , Vol. 69 >Issue 2: 121 - 129

DOI: https://doi.org/10.13266/j.issn.0252-3116.2025.02.011

研究论文

科技循证政策制定实践路径探索

  • 何莹 ,
  • 孙巍 ,
  • 马晓敏
展开
  • 1 中国农业科学院农业信息研究所 北京 100081;
    2 农业农村部农业大数据重点实验室 北京 100081
何莹，硕士研究生；孙巍，研究员，博士，通信作者，E-mail：sunwei@caas.cn；马晓敏，副研究馆员，博士。

收稿日期: 2024-01-29

  修回日期: 2024-07-15

  网络出版日期: 2025-01-25

基金资助

本文系中国农业科学院基本科研业务经费专项项目“农业科技政策发展动向分析解读”（项目编号：Y2024ZK09）研究成果之一。

收起

Exploring Practical Path of Evidence-Based Policy Making in Science and Technology

  • He Ying ,
  • Sun Wei ,
  • Ma Xiaomin
Expand
  • 1 Agricultural Information Institute of China Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081;
    2 Key Laboratory of Agricultural Big Data, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100081
He Ying, master candidate; Sun Wei, PhD, researcher, corresponding author, E-mail: sunwei@caas.cn; Ma Xiaomin, PhD, associate research librarian.

Received date: 2024-01-29

  Revised date: 2024-07-15

  Online published: 2025-01-25

Supported by

This work is supported by the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS) Basic Research Funding Specialization project titled “Analysis and Interpretation of Agricultural Science and Technology Policy Development Trends”(Grant No.Y2024ZK09).

Fold

摘要

[目的/意义] 借鉴已有的实践经验，探索并总结科技循证政策制定实践路径，展望科技循证政策未来发展方向。[方法/过程] 采用文献综述法，明晰科技循证政策的内涵与外延，梳理政策证据类型以及证据分级与推荐标准。通过归纳总结，创新性地提出科技循证政策制定实践路径，从证据获取、证据分级、证据评价等方面进行深入剖析，同时通过案例分析验证该路径的可行性。最后针对我国现状提出科技循证政策未来发展的建议。[结果/结论] 提出的科技循证政策制定实践路径能够揭示将循证决策模式融入科技政策制定的可行性，为科技领域的政策制定提供一定的参考。

关键词： 循证政策; 科技政策; 政策制定; 实践路径

本文引用格式

何莹 , 孙巍 , 马晓敏 . 科技循证政策制定实践路径探索[J]. 图书情报工作, 2025 , 69(2) : 121 -129 . DOI: 10.13266/j.issn.0252-3116.2025.02.011

Abstract

[Purpose/Significance] Based on the existing practical experience, this study explores and summarizes the practical path of evidence-based policy making in science and technology, and looks forward to its future development. [Method/Process] This study adopted the literature review to clarify the connotation and extension of evidence-based policy-making in science and technology, and sorted out the types of policy evidence, evidence grading and recommendation standards. Through the summary, it innovatively put forward the practical path, made an in-depth analysis from the aspects of evidence acquisition, evidence grading and evidence evaluation, and verified the feasibility of this path through case analysis. Finally, it put forward some suggestions for the future development of evidence-based policy making in science and technology. [Result/Conclusion] The proposed practical path reveals the feasibility of integrating evidence-based policy-making model into science and technology policy making, and provides some references for policy making in science and technology field.

Key words： evidence-based policy; science and technology policy; policy making; practical path

参考文献

[1] HEAD B W. Reconsidering evidence-based policy: key issues and challenges[J]. Policy and society, 2010, 29(2): 77-94.
[2] 李晓轩, 杨可佳, 张秀峰, 等. 基于证据的政策制定: 中英比较研究[M]. 北京: 科学出版社, 2015. (LI X X, YANG K J, ZHANG X F, et al. Comparative study on how to develop an evidence based approach to policy-making[M]. Beijing: Science Press, 2015.)
[3] BARON J. A brief history of evidence-based policy[J]. Political science, economics, 2018, 678(1): 40-50.
[4] 武楷彪, 王溯, 朱相丽, 等. 日本支撑循证决策的科技情报数据资源建设与应用[J]. 图书情报工作, 2021, 65(22): 126-133. (WU K B, WANG S, ZHU X L, et al. Construction and application of S&T intelligence data resources supporting evidence-based policymaking in Japan[J]. Library and information service, 2021, 65(22): 126-133.)
[5] 杨开峰, 魏夏楠. 政府循证决策: 美国联邦政府的实践及启示 [J]. 经济社会体制比较, 2021(3): 139-149. (YANG K F, WEI X N. Evidence-based policy making in government: the practice and implications of the U.S. federal government[J]. Comparative economic & social systems, 2021(3): 139-149.)
[6] 李晓轩, 杨可佳, 杨柳春. 基于证据的政策制定: 英国的实践与启示[J]. 中国科学院院刊, 2013, 28(6): 740-749. (LI X X, YANG K J, YANG L C. Evidence-based policy making: the practice and enlightenment from the UK[J]. Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 2013, 28(6):740-749.)
[7] 丁若沙. 美、德、日及金砖国家科技政策制定、发展与导向之比较研究[J]. 渭南师范学院学报, 2017, 32(8): 83-91. (DING R S. Acomparative study of policy formulation, development and orientation of science and technology of developed countries like American, Germany, Japan and BRICS[J]. Journal of Weinan Normal University, 2017, 32(8): 83-91.)
[8] 姚清晨, 张颖. 基于循证理念的公共政策制定研究[J]. 四川行政学院学报, 2018(4): 27-32. (YAO Q C, ZHANG Y. Research on public policy making based on evidence-based concept[J]. Journal of Sichuan Administration Institute, 2018(4): 27-32.)
[9] 杨代福, 程曦. 基于证据的政策制定: 理论逻辑与制度框架 [J]. 渭南师范学院学报, 2021, 36(1): 51-59. (YANG D F, CHENG X. Evidence-based policy making: theoretical logic and institutional framework[J]. Journal of Weinan Normal University, 2021, 36(1): 51-59.)
[10] Strategic Policy Making Team. Professional policy making for the twenty first century[R]. London: Strategic policy making team, Cabinet Office, 1999.
[11] DAVIES P. What is evidence-basededucation?[J]. British journal ofeducational studies, 1999, 47(2): 108-121.
[12] SEGONE M. Bridging the gap: the role of monitoring and evaluation in evidence-based policy making[R]. Romania: UNICEF, 2008.
[13] 张继亮. 循证政策: 政策证据的类型、整合与嵌入[J]. 社会科 学, 2019(11): 39-47. (ZHANG J L. Evidence-based policy: the types, integration and embeddedness of policy evidence[J]. Journal of social sciences, 2019(11): 39-47.)
[14] 王卉珏. 科技政策制定的理论与方法研究[D]. 武汉: 武汉 理工 大学, 2005. (WANG H J. Research on the theory and method of S&T policymaking[D]. Wuhan: Wuhan University of Technology, 2005.)
[15] 管书华. 科技政策制定与评价的研究[D]. 武汉: 武汉理工大 学, 2004. (GUAN S H. Research on science and technology policy formulation and evaluation[D]. Wuhan: Wuhan University of Technology, 2004.)
[16] MARSTON G, WATTS R. Tampering with the evidence: a critical appraisal of evidence-based policy-making[J]. The drawing board: an Australian review of public affairs, 2003, 3(3): 143-163.
[17] 杨文登, 叶浩生. 社会科学的三次“ 科学化” 浪潮: 从实证研究、社会技术到循证实践[J]. 社会科学, 2012(8): 107-116. (YANG W D, YE H S. The three wave of scientization of the social science: from empirical research, social technology, to evidence-based practice[J]. Journal of social sciences, 2012(8): 107-116.)
[18] 童峰, 林移刚, 张冲. 循证决策: 一种忠于证据的公共卫生决策模式[J]. 医学与哲学(B), 2015, 36(5): 4-7. (TONG F, LIN Y G, ZHANG C. Evidence-based decision-making: a decisionmaking model basing on the evidence of public health[J]. Medicine & philosophy(B), 2015, 36(5): 4-7.)
[19] WHITEHURST G J. Evidence-basededucation[Z]. 2002.
[20] GRANDAGE K K, SLAWSON D C, SHAUGHNESSY A F. When less is more: a practical approach to searching for evidence-based answers[J]. 2002(3): 298-304.
[21] 张耀坤, 李倩, 郑雅青. 基于循证政策方法的我国公共资助研究成果开放存取政策制定[J]. 中国图书馆学报, 2014(3): 90-99. (ZHANG Y K, LI Q, ZHENG Y Q. Developing China’s policy of open access to publicly funded research: an evidencebased approach[J]. Journal of library science in China, 2014(3): 90-99.)
[22] 张云 昊. 循证 政策 的发 展历 程、 内在 逻辑 及其 建构 路径 [J]. 中国 行政 管理, 2017(11): 73-78. (ZHANG Y H. The development process, internal logic and construction path of evidence-based policy[J]. Chinese public administration, 2017(11): 73-78)
[23] 秦顺. 循证政策视角下我国数据确权的法理解析与规范路径 [J]. 图书馆建设, 2022(2): 58-69, 79. (QIN S. Jurisprudential analysis and normative path of data rights establishment in China from the perspective of evidence-based policy[J]. Library development, 2022(2): 58-69, 79.)
[24] STRYDOM W, FUNKE N, NIENABER S, et al. Evidence-based policymaking: a review[J]. South African journal of science, 2010, 5/6(106): 17-24.
[25] 赵蕴华, 郑佳. 基于事实的科技政策研究方法与实践研究进展[J]. 情报学进展, 2012, 9: 87-115. (ZHAO Y H, ZHENG J. Advances in evidence-based research methods and practices in science and technology policy research[J]. Advances in information science, 2012, 9: 87-115.)
[26] 张正严, 李侠. “ 基于证据”——科技政策制定的新趋势[J]. 科学 管理 研究, 2013, 31(1): 9-12. (ZHANG Z Y, LI X. “Evidence-based”-the new trend of science and technology policy making[J]. Scientific management research, 2013, 31(1): 9-12.)
[27] SHAXSON L, HARRISON M, MORGAN M. Developing an Evidence-based approach to environmental policy making: insights from Defra’s evidence and innovation strategy[C]//SPRU – Science and technology policy research. Brighton: University of Sussex, 2009: NO.181.
[28] 田晨, 晏毅龙, 王勇, 等. 证据智能合成与分级: AutoMeta平台开发与验证[J]. 中国循证医学杂志, 2024, 24(4): 459-465. (TIAN C, YAN Y L, WANG Y, et al. Evidence intelligent synthesis and grading: development and validation of AutoMeta[J]. Chinese journal of evidence-based medicine, 2024, 24(4): 459-465.)
[29] 李幼平, 刘雪梅. 系统评价的起源、发展和作用[J]. 中国循证医学杂志, 2011, 11(1): 2-6. (LI Y P, LIU X M. History, progress and role of systematic review[J]. Chinese journal of evidencebased medicine, 2011, 11(1): 2-6.)
[30] GUERON J M. Building evidence: what it takes and what it yields[J]. Research on social work practice, 2007, 17(1): 134-142.
[31] 拜争刚. 循证社会科学[M]. 上海: 华东理工大学出版社, 2019. (BAI Z G. Evidence-based social sciences[M]. Shanghai: East China University of Science and Technology Press, 2019.)
[32] 刘勤勤, 唐俊, 黄河浪. Meta分析法在医学实践中的应用[J]. 实用临床医学, 2010, 11(2): 128-132. (LIU Q Q, TANG J, HUANG H L. Meta-analysis in medical practice[J]. Practical clinical medicine, 2010, 11(2): 128-132.)
[33] 刘建银, 肖未. 教育循证决策的起源、内涵及其展望[J]. 重庆电子工程职业学院学报, 2021, 30(5): 64-70. (LIU J Y, XIAO W. The origins, connotations, and prospects of evidence-based decision-making ineducation[J]. Journal of Chongqing College of Electronic Engineering, 2021, 30(5): 64-70.)
[34] 任超, 杨孟辉, 杨冠灿, 等. 基于知识图谱的循证政策中科学证据推荐研究——以新冠肺炎疫情防控政策为例[J]. 图书情报工作, 2023, 67(2): 108-118. (REN C, YANG M H, YANG G C, et al. A research on the recommendation of scientific evidence in evidence-based policy based on knowledge graph: an example of the policies fighting on COVID-19[J]. Library and information service, 2023, 67(2): 108-118.)
[35] LEVITT R. GM crops and foods: evidence, policy and practice in the UK: a case study[R]. London: ESRC UK centre for evidencebased policy and practice, 2003.
[36] 樊春良. 日本科技创新政策科学的实践及启示[J]. 中国科技 论坛, 2014(4): 20-26. (FAN C L. The practice of science of science, technology and innovation policy in Japan and its inspiration for China[J]. Forum on science and technology in China, 2014(4): 20-26.)
[37] 杨平生. 政策制定理论中的循证决策研究[D]. 上海: 上海师 范大 学, 2018. (YANG P S. Evidence-based policymaking research in policymaking theory[D]. Shanghai: Shanghai Normal University, 2018.)
Options
文章导航

/

〈 〉