[目的/意义] 深入研究转换协议条款，不仅能帮助订阅机构充分了解和利用协议，规避风险、维护权益、提升资源利用率；还有助于积累数据和经验，为未来协议谈判和开放获取政策的制定完善提供更加科学的依据。[方法/过程] 从转换协议共享平台ESAC筛选8家国外代表性学术期刊出版商与分布在12个国家的19家学术图书馆联盟签订的61份转换协议原文。利用文本分析工具，对转换协议核心条款进行比较分析，揭示转换协议的结构和内容特点，总结我国订阅机构谈判签约可操作性强的启示。[结果/结论] 各出版商转换协议的结构基本类似，差异主要集中在开放出版条款的细节，具有较大谈判空间。我国订阅机构可从合理的出版数量控制方式、高效的信息互通机制、灵活的作者认证机制、明确的作者保留版权约定、公开透明的费用结构及工作流程等方面向出版商提出诉求，优化协议条款，维护机构和作者权益。
[Purpose/Significance] Conducting thorough research on transformation agreements enables subscription institutions to better understand and leverage these agreements to reduce risks, safeguard rights, and improve resource utilization. Additionally, it helps in gathering data and experiences that can provide a more scientific foundation for future negotiations, contract signings, and the enhancement of open access policies. [Method/Process] This paper analyzed a total of sixty-one transformation agreements from eight prominent foreign academic journal publishers and nineteen academic library consortia across twelve countries, as listed on the ESAC platform. It employed text analysis tools to perform a comparative study on the key terms within these agreements, highlighting their structural and content characteristics. Insights were drawn to assist Chinese subscription institutions in negotiations and contract signings. [Result/Conclusion] The structure of each publisher’s transformation agreements is quite similar, with differences mainly focused on the specific provisions related to open access. The subscription institutions in China can make claims to publishers in controlling reasonable limits on publication volume, efficient information sharing systems, flexible author authentication processes, copyright retention for authors, transparent fee structures, and streamline workflows. These strategies can enhance the terms of agreements and protect the rights of both institutions and authors.
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