图书情报工作

图书情报工作 >

2026 , Vol. 70 >Issue 6: 119 - 131

DOI: https://doi.org/10.13266/j.issn.0252-3116.2026.06.010

综述

我国电子图书三十年发展过程与展望

  • 王彦力 ,
  • 杨新涯 ,
  • 向晴 ,
  • 冉蔚然
展开
  • 1 重庆大学图书馆 重庆 400044;
    2 重庆大学人文社科高等研究院 重庆 400044;
    3 重庆大学党委宣传部 重庆 400044;
    4 重庆医科大学第一附属医院图书馆 重庆 400042
王彦力，副研究馆员，硕士，硕士生导师，E-mail:wangyanli@cqu.edu.cn；杨新涯，研究馆员，博士，博士生导师；向晴，馆员，硕士；冉蔚然，馆员，硕士。

收稿日期: 2025-01-15

  修回日期: 2025-04-13

  网络出版日期: 2026-03-14

基金资助

本文系国家社会科学基金后期资助项目“我国电子图书发展史”（项目编号：21FTQB006）研究成果之一。

收起

Development and Prospect of Electronic Books in the Past 30 Years in China

  • WANG Yanli ,
  • YANG Xinya ,
  • XIANG Qing ,
  • RAN Yuran
Expand
  • 1 Chongqing University Library, Chongqing 400044;
    2 Institute for Advanced Studies in Humanities and Social Science, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044;
    3 Chongqing University Party Committee Propaganda Department, Chongqing 400044;
    4 Library of the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400042
Wang Yanli,Associate Research Librarian, Master’s Degree, Master’s Supervisor, E-mail: wanyanli@cqu.edu.cn; Yang Xinya, Research Librarian, PhD; Xiang Qing, Librarian, Master’s Degree; Ran Weiran, Librarian, Master’s Degree.

Received date: 2025-01-15

  Revised date: 2025-04-13

  Online published: 2026-03-14

Supported by

This work is supported by the project of National Social Science Fund of China, titled “Research on the Development History of E-books in China” (Grant No. 21FTQB006).

Fold

摘要

[目的/意义] 自1991年陈光祚在武汉大学出版社出版我国第一部电子图书《国共两党关系通史》之后的30年，我国电子图书改变了千百年来的知识保存和传播的基本形态，需对我国电子图书行业进行系统性梳理以总结经验。[方法/过程] 界定电子图书的涵义，分析其产生的社会发展和技术突破背景，从我国电子图书的产生、发展和应用等角度梳理其发展史，根据标志性事件和时间特征确定了发展历程的4个阶段，分别是起源之前（1991年前）、起步阶段（1991—1998年）、兴起阶段（1999—2009年）和繁荣阶段（2010—2021年），再根据当时的社会与技术背景进行发展历史纲要的论述。[结果/结论] 我国电子图书领域获得以信息技术为支撑、以版权保护为关键、倡导数字阅读等中国经验，并对电子图书发展过程中的不足进行反思，提出未来我国电子图书行业应加强监管和引导、构建知识产业生态链、利用区块链技术解决数字资产确权等建议。

关键词： 电子图书; 数字阅读; 数字出版; 知识传播; 图书馆史

本文引用格式

王彦力 , 杨新涯 , 向晴 , 冉蔚然 . 我国电子图书三十年发展过程与展望[J]. 图书情报工作, 2026 , 70(6) : 119 -131 . DOI: 10.13266/j.issn.0252-3116.2026.06.010

Abstract

[Purpose/Significance] In 1991, the first electronic book in China, General History of the Relationship between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party, written by Chen Guangzuo, was published at Wuhan University Press. In the following 30 years, the electronic book industry in China has transformed the fundamental modes of knowledge preservation and dissemination. This paper argues for a systematic review of China's electronic book industry and summarizes its developmental experiences. [Method/Process] The paper defined the concept of electronic books, analyzed the social and technological contexts of their emergence, and traced their development in China from the perspectives of origin, evolution, and application. Based on landmark events and temporal characteristics, the development was divided into four stages: the pre-origin period(prior to 1991), the initial stage(1991–1998), the rise stage(1999–2009), and the prosperity stage(2010–2021). A historical framework was then constructed by contextualizing these stages within their socio-technological backgrounds. [Result/Conclusion] The development of electronic books in China is characterized by information technology as the foundation, copyright protection as the critical pillar, and the promotion of digital reading. By reflecting on the shortcomings in the development, it proposes suggestions for the future development, such as strengthening regulation and guidance, building a knowledge industry ecosystem, and leveraging blockchain technology to solve digital asset ownership confirmation.

Key words： electronic book; digital reading; digital publishing; knowledge transmission library history

参考文献

[1] 刘燕权, 刘晓东. 古腾堡项目——数字图书馆的先驱者[J]. 数字图书馆论坛, 2013(4): 56-62. (LIU Y Q, LIU X D. Gutenberg project: the pioneer of digital libraries[J]. Digital library forum, 2013(4): 56-62.)
[2] 刘慧云, 陈定权. 我国图书馆缩微技术的发展历程和未来走向[J]. 图书馆论坛, 2017, 37(1): 10-18. (LIU H Y, CHEN D Q. The development and future of microfilm technology in Chinese libraries[J]. Library forum, 2017, 37(1): 10-18.)
[3] 林穗芳. 电子编辑和电子出版物: 概念、起源和早期发展(下)[J]. 出版科学, 2005, 13(5): 10-20. (LIN S F. Electronic editing and electronic publications: concepts, origins, and early development (Part II)[J]. Publishing science, 2005, 13(5): 10-20.)
[4] 夏旭. 我国光盘数据库发展的现状及对策[J]. 现代图书情报技术, 1999(2): 42-45. (XIA X. The current status and countermeasures of CD-ROM databases in China[J]. Modern library and information technology, 1999(2): 42-45.)
[5] 方厚枢, 魏玉山.中国出版通史·中华人民共和国卷[M]. 北京: 中国书籍出版社, 2008: 26. (FANG H Z, WEI Y S. A general history of Chinese publishing: the people's republic of China volume[M]. Beijing: China Books Press, 2008: 26.)
[6] 白晶. 方正人生—王选传[M]. 南京: 江苏人民出版社, 2010: 117. (BAI J. Founder’s journey—the biography of Wang Xuan[M]. Nanjing: Jiangsu People’s Publishing House, 2010: 117.)
[7] 生. 我国第一部电子版图书——《国共两党关系通史》电子版研制成功并正式发行[J]. 图书情报知识, 1992, 10(1): 64. (SHENG. China’s first electronic book: the electronic version of a general history of the relations between the KMT and the CPC successfully developed and officially released[J]. Library and information science, 1992, 10(1): 64.)
[8] 许力以. 1992年出版态势述略[J]. 中国图书评论, 1993(1): 18-21. (XU L Y. An overview of the publishing situation in 1992[J]. Chinese book review, 1993(1): 18-21.)
[9] 陆达. 有突出贡献的多媒体专家[J]. 中国电子出版, 2000(5): 52. (LU D. Multimedia experts with outstanding contributions[J]. China electronic publishing, 2000(5): 52.)
[10] 国家新闻出版署规章. 《中国新闻出版网.电子出版物出版管理规定》[EB/OL]. [2025-03-30]. https://www.nppa.gov.cn/xxgk/fdzdgknr/zcfg_210/bmgz_213/202112/P020221115773629288804.pdf. (Regulations of the National Press and Publication Administration: Regulations on the Administration of Electronic Publication Publishing on China News and Publication Network[EB/OL]. [2025-03-30]. https://www.nppa.gov.cn/xxgk/fdzdgknr/zcfg_210/bmgz_213/202112/P020221115773629288804.pdf.)
[11] 谢新洲. 我国电子出版物: 现状、问题与对策[J]. 北京大学学报（哲学, 社会科学版）, 1997, 34(5): 85-90, 158-159. (XIE X Z. Electronic publications in China: current situation, problems and countermeasures[J]. Journal of Peking University (Philosophy and Social Sciences), 1997, 34(5): 85-90, 158-159.)
[12] 中国出版工作者协会.中国出版年鉴纪事1994年[J]. 商务印书馆, 1995: 91-95. (China Publishers Association. Chronicles of the Chinese publishing yearbook 1994[J]. The commercial press, 1995: 91-95.)
[13] 陈纪宁. 巴黎随想多媒体光盘进入文化艺术之旅[J]. 中国电子与网络出版, 2003(3): 30-31. (CHEN J N. Multimedia discs of Paris imagination enter the journey of culture and art[J]. China electronic and network publishing, 2003(3): 30-31.)
[14] 杨宗英, 郑巧英. 光盘技术在包兆龙图书馆的应用[J]. 现代图书情报技术, 1988(2): 2-6. (YANG Z Y, ZHENG Q Y. Application of CD technology in Bao Chaolong Library[J]. Modern library and information technology, 1988(2): 2-6.)
[15] 罗公发. 中山医科大学图书馆从美国购回医学光盘[J]. 广东图书馆学刊, 1988, 8(4): 92. (LUO G F. Zhongshan Medical University Library purchases medical CDs from the United States[J]. Guangdong library journal, 1988, 8(4): 92.)
[16] 杨洪标. 华南理工大学图书馆开展光盘检索服务[J]. 图书馆论坛, 1991, 11(2): 96. (YANG H B. Guangpan retrieval services at South China University of Technology Library[J]. Library forum, 1991, 11(2): 96.)
[17] 佚名. 北京图书馆的电子阅览室[J]. 编辑学报, 1995, 7(2): 118. (Anonymous. The electronic reading room of Beijing Library[J]. Journal of editorial science, 1995, 7(2): 118.)
[18] 俞菲, 郑文红. 从电子阅览室的设立谈参考服务工作的改革[J]. 高校图书馆工作, 1999, 19(1): 24-28. (YU F, ZHENG W H. Building electronic reading room and reforming reference service[J]. Library work in colleges and universities, 1999, 19(1): 24-28.)
[19] 任黎明. 第四次全国国民阅读调查结果: 八成国民认为读书越来越重要[EB/OL]. [2025-03-30]. https://www.cas.cn/xw/kjsm/gndt/200604/t20060424_1002457.shtml. (REN L M. Results of the fourth national reading survey: 80% of citizens believe reading is increasingly important[EB/OL]. [2025-03-30]. https://www.cas.cn/xw/kjsm/gndt/200604/t20060424_1002457.shtml.)
[20] 杨晓东. 一次有益的尝试──写在《中国经济发展五十年大事记》网络电子图书发行之后[J]. 中国电子出版, 1999(Z1): 104. (YANG X D. A beneficial attempt: after the online release of fifty years of China’s economic development[J]. China electronic publishing, 1999(Z1): 104.)
[21] 陈浩义, 冷晓彦. 我国中文电子图书市场竞争分析[J]. 情报科学, 2005, 23(2): 190-193. (CHEN H Y, LENG X Y. Analysis of the Chinese electronic book market competition[J]. Information science, 2005, 23(2): 190-193.)
[22] 吕芳, 程滨. “超星”数字图书馆的创举——兼谈传统图书馆与数字图书馆的联系与区别[J]. 图书馆建设, 2002(5): 73-75. (LV F, CHENG B. The innovation of "Superstar" digital library: on the relationship and differences between traditional and digital libraries[J]. Library construction, 2002(5): 73-75.)
[23] 莫少强. 我国图书馆技术史上的先行者和探索者——广东省立中山图书馆自动化建设回眸(1980-2012)[J]. 图书馆论坛, 2016, 36(8): 25-36. (MO S Q. Pioneers and explorers in the history of Chinese library technology: a review of the automation construction of Guangdong Provincial Sun Yat-sen Library (1980-2012)[J]. Library forum, 2016, 36(8): 25-36.)
[24] 罗良道. 对超星数字图书馆的理性思考[J]. 图书情报工作, 2003(9): 114-116. (LUO L D. Rational reflections on the Superstar digital library[J]. Library and information work, 2003(9): 114-116.)
[25] 仲明. 面向图书馆的电子书服务模式与服务平台研究[J]. 新世纪图书馆, 2017(7): 43-46. (ZHONG M. Research on e-book service models and platforms for libraries[J]. New century library, 2017(7): 43-46.)
[26] 佚名. 方正阿帕比——领先的中文电子书出版发行平台[J]. 印刷技术, 2007(4): 31-32. (Anonymous. Founder Apabi: a leading platform for Chinese e-book publishing and distribution[J]. Printing technology, 2007(4): 31-32.)
[27] 程晓龙. 周劲与电子书的难舍往事[N]. 中国新闻出版报, 2009-09-24(8). (CHENG X L. Zhou Jin and the unforgettable story of e-books[N]. China news and publication report, 2009-09-24(8).)
[28] 佚名. 方正阿帕比——领先的中文电子书出版发行平台[J]. 印刷技术, 2007(4): 31-32. (Anonymous. Founder Apabi: a leading platform for Chinese e-book publishing and distribution[J]. Printing technology, 2007(4): 31-32.)
[29] 顾烨青, 陈铭. 高校馆配中文电子书的现状与问题分析[J]. 高校图书馆工作, 2018, 38(1): 42-51. (GU Y Q, CHEN M. Analysis of the current status and problems of Chinese e-book provision in university libraries[J]. Library work in colleges and universities, 2018, 38(1): 42-51.)
[30] 夕苇. 技术商的数字出版之旅[J]. 出版参考, 2007(21): 17-18. (XI W. The journey of digital publishing for technology companies[J]. Publishing reference, 2007(21): 17-18.)
[31] 孙洁. 当当电子书平台研究[D]. 南京: 南京大学, 2016. (SUN J. Research on Dangdang e-book platform[D]. Nanjing: Nanjing University, 2016.)
[32] 千帆. 当当数字出版华东总部落户常州经开区[EB/OL]. [2025-03-05]. http://caijing.chinadaily.com.cn/finance/2016-10/27/content_27191588.htm. (QIAN F. When Dangdang’s digital publishing east China headquarters lands in Changzhou economic development zone[EB/OL]. [2025-03-05]. http://caijing.chinadaily.com.cn/finance/2016-10/27/content_27191588.htm.)
[33] 陈麟. 中国图书零售市场20年变迁一览[N]. 中国出版传媒商报, 2019-04-19(31). (CHEN L. A review of the changes in China’s book retail market over 20 years[N]. China publishing and media business report, 2019-04-19(31).)
[34] 沈丽梅. 电子商务发展之困境研究——以当当网为例[J]. 中国商贸, 2013(19): 135-136. (SHEN L M. Research on the dilemmas of e-commerce development: a case study of Dangdang.com[J]. China business and trade, 2013(19): 135-136.)
[35] 王晓卓, 陈瀚学. 论亚马逊在我国市场上的经营及启示[J]. 现代商贸工业, 2020, 41(28): 64-66. (WANG X Z, CHEN H X. On the operations of Amazon in the Chinese market and its implications[J]. Modern business and trade industry, 2020, 41(28): 64-66.)
[36] 徐丽芳, 池呈. 亚马逊: 基于并购的成长史[J]. 出版参考, 2014(10): 20-21. (XU L F, CHI C. Amazon: a growth history based on mergers and acquisitions[J]. Publishing reference, 2014(10): 20-21.)
[37] 孙佳怡. 亚马逊自出版图书产品发展研究[D]. 北京: 北京印刷学院出版专业, 2021. (SUN J Y. Research on the development of Amazon’s self-publishing book products[D]. Beijing: Beijing Institute of Graphic Communication Publishing Program, 2021.)
[38] 王子正. 浅析亚马逊数字出版的模式和经验[J]. 记者观察, 2021(6): 28-29. (WANG Z Z. An analysis of Amazon’s digital publishing model and experience[J]. Journalist observer, 2021(6): 28-29.)
[39] 雷兵, 钟镇. B2C商城畅销电子图书的分布特征与在线评论解析——以京东为例[J]. 图书情报工作, 2018, 62(21): 53-61. (LEI B, ZHONG Z. Distribution characteristics and online comment analysis of best-selling e-books in B2C mall: a case study of JD.com[J]. Library and information work, 2018, 62(21): 53-61.)
[40] 刘彬. 京东商城推出“名家电子书创作计划”[N]. 光明日报, 2013-04-09(9). (LIU B. JD.com launches "famous author e-book creation plan"[N]. Guangming daily, 2013-04-09(9).)
[41] 朱妮. 京东图书:3.0战略升级行业服务[J]. 出版人, 2016(2): 41. (ZHU N. JD books: 3.0 strategic upgrade of industry services[J]. Publisher, 2016(2): 41.)
[42] 高等教育出版社.高等教育出版社学术资源订购指南[EB/OL]. [2025-03-05]. https://journal.hep.com.cn/hep/EN/column/column7266.shtml. (Higher Education Press. Academic resource ordering guide of higher education press[EB/OL]. [2025-03-05]. https://journal.hep.com.cn/hep/EN/column/column7266.shtml.)
[43] 齐东旭. 见证清华大学出版社数字出版十年——由文泉书局网站的发展说起[EB/OL]. [2025-03-05]. http://www.tup.tsinghua.edu.cn/sheqing/Employeeblessing_11.html. (QI D X. Witnessing ten years of Tsinghua University Press’s digital publishing: a case study of the development of Wenquan Book Bureau website[EB/OL]. [2025-03-05]. http://www.tup.tsinghua.edu.cn/sheqing/Employeeblessing_11.html.)
[44] 皮书数据库.关于我们[EB/OL]. [2025-03-30]. https://www.pishu.com.cn/skwx_ps/content/preview?ContentType=Article&ID=67313[EB/OL]. [2025-03-30]. https://www.pishu.com.cn/skwx_ps/content/preview?ContentType=Article&ID=67313.)
[45] 社会科学文献出版社.重要通知！查思客公众号更名公告[EB/OL]. [2025-03-30]. https://m.thepaper.cn/baijiahao_5539182. (Social Sciences Academic Press. Important notice! Announcement of the renaming of the ChasiKe WeChat public account[EB/OL]. [2025-03-30]. https://m.thepaper.cn/baijiahao_5539182.)
[46] 真友书屋.进击的商务印书馆[EB/OL]. [2025-03-30]. http://www.360doc.com/content/15/0121/16/17132703_442601166.shtml. (Zhenyou Book House. Advancing the Commercial Press[EB/OL]. [2025-03-30]. http://www.360doc.com/content/15/0121/16/17132703_442601
[47] 凤凰网文化. 王俊凯《十九岁的时差》热销, 纸电联动启发出版行业新思路[EB/OL]. [2025-03-30]. https://culture.ifeng.com/c/7gGhtSvJcJM. (Phoenix Network Culture. Wang Junkai’s the age difference at nineteen sells well, offering new ideas for the publishing industry through paper-electronic linkage[EB/OL]. [2025-03-30]. https://culture.ifeng.com/c/7gGhtSvJcJM.)
[48] 顾洁. 馆配电子书创新服务体系研究——以畅想之星馆配电子书为例[J]. 山东图书馆学刊, 2016(3): 46-48, 103. (GU J. Research on innovative service system for library provision e-books: a case study of Chuxiang ZhiXing e-books[J]. Shandong library journal, 2016(3): 46-48, 103.)
[49] 圣才电子书. 圣才电子书与图书馆馆配巨头三新文化达成战略合作关系[EB/OL]. [2025-03-05]. http://jy.100xuexi.com/view/board/20160505/6111.html. (Saint Talent E-books. Saint Talent e-books signs cooperation agreement with Hubei Sanxin, a leading library provision company[EB/OL]. [2025-03-05]. http://jy.100xuexi.com/view/board/20160505/6111.html.)
[50] 李月红.省新华书店推出“芸台购”服务高校师生[EB/OL]. [2025-03-30]. https://zjnews.zjol.com.cn/zjnews/zjxw/201804/t20180410_6988718.shtml. (LI Y H. Provincial Xinhua Bookstore launches "YunTai purchase" service for university faculty and students[EB/OL]. [2025-03-30]. https://zjnews.zjol.com.cn/zjnews/zjxw/201804/t20180410_6988718.shtml.)
[51] 佚名. 信息时代eBook引发出版业的深刻革命[J]. 电子商务技术, 2001(12): 12-13. (Anonymous. The profound revolution in the publishing industry triggered by eBooks in the information age[J]. E-commerce technology, 2001(12): 12-13.)
[52] 中文在线.发展历程[EB/OL]. [2025-03-30]. https://www.chineseall.com/cover-pk16j8k2/aboutus#develop. (ChineseAll. Development history[EB/OL]. [2025-03-30]. https://www.chineseall.com/cover-pk16j8k2/aboutus#develop.)
[53] 北国网. 破局行业壁垒中文在线探索数字阅读创新发展之路[EB/OL]. [2025-03-30]. https://culture.china.com/book/ 11159895/20180726/32734516_all.html. (Beinnet. Breaking industry barriers: ChineseAll explores innovative development paths for digital reading[EB/OL]. [2025-03-30]. https://culture.china.com/book/11159895/20180726/32734516_all.html.)
[54] 原业伟. 童之磊: 中文在线“文学+”与“教育+”两翼齐飞[N]. 出版商务周报, 2017-02-21(5). (YUAN Y W. Tong Zhilei: ChineseAll Achieves Simultaneous Development in "Literature+" and "Education+" Sectors[N]. 出版商务周报, 2017-02-21(5).)
[55] 陈亮, 连朝曦. 书香在线数字阅读导航[M]. 深圳: 海天出版社, 2017. (CHEN L, LIAN Z X. Fragrant books online digital reading navigation[M]. Shenzhen: Haitian Publishing House, 2017.)
[56] 聂峰英. 高校图书馆电子书管理体系研究——以我国36所A类一流大学为例[J]. 图书馆理论与实践, 2018(7): 104-109. (NIE F Y. Research on e-book management systems in university libraries: a case study of 36 top Chinese universities[J]. Library theory and practice, 2018(7): 104-109.)
[57] 孙锐, 杨新涯, 廖维.构建在元数据仓储上的文献资产管理[J]. 图书馆论坛, 2017, 37(7): 9-16. (SUN R, YANG X Y, LIAO W. Research on document asset management based on metadata repository[J]. Library forum, 2017, 37(7): 9-16.)
[58] 浙江大学.大学图书馆国际合作计划愿景[EB/OL]. [2025-03-05]. https://cadal.edu.cn/index/aboutUs. (Zhejiang University. Vision of the international cooperation plan for university libraries[EB/OL]. [2025-03-05]. https://cadal.edu.cn/index/aboutUs.)
[59] 范晨晓. “基于CADAL平台的资源共享与应用”国际研讨会综述[J] 大学图书馆学报.2017, 35(5): 5-9. (FAN C X. Review of the international seminar on "resource sharing and application based on the CADAL platform"[J]. Journal of university library science, 2017, 35(5): 5-9.)
[60] 新闻出版总署. 关于加快我国数字出版产业发展的若干意见[J]. 中国出版, 2010(21): 6-8. (General Administration of Press and Publication. Several opinions on accelerating the development of China’s digital publishing industry[J]. China publishing, 2010(21): 6-8.)
[61] 毛宁, 张小红. 基于区块链技术的网络版权保护[J]. 图书馆论坛, 2019, 39(8): 1-6. (MAO N, ZHANG X H. Network copyright protection based on blockchain technology[J]. Library forum, 2019, 39(8): 1-6.)
[62] 杨新涯, 王莹. 区块链是完善数字内容产业链的最关键技术[J]. 图书馆论坛, 2019, 39(3): 1-6. (YANG X Y, WANG Y. Blockchain: the most critical technology for improving the digital content industry chain[J]. Library forum, 2019, 39(3): 1-6.)
Options
文章导航

/

〈 〉