图书情报工作

图书情报工作 >

2026 , Vol. 70 >Issue 16: 200 - 211

DOI: https://doi.org/10.13266/j.issn.0252-3116.2026.16.031

研究论文

知识社区中学习型与研究型探索式搜索者的眼动差异研究：基于认知复杂度视角

  • 刘亚希 ,
  • 秦春秀 ,
  • 马续补 ,
  • 王玉龙 ,
  • 李凡
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  • 1 湘潭大学公共管理学院 湘潭 411105;
    2 西安电子科技大学经济与管理学院 西安 710126
刘亚希，讲师，博士；秦春秀，系主任，教授，博士，通信作者，E-mail：cxqin@xidian.edu.cn；马续补，教授，博士；王玉龙，博士研究生；李凡，博士研究生。

收稿日期: 2025-06-05

  修回日期: 2025-08-02

  网络出版日期: 2026-08-20

基金资助

本文系国家社会科学基金重点项目“场景驱动的我国关键核心领域文献资源精细组织与精准服务模式研究”（项目编号：22ATQ002）研究成果之一。

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Study on Eye Movement Differences Between Learning and Investigation Exploratory Searchers in Knowledge Communities: A Cognitive Complexity Perspective

  • Liu Yaxi ,
  • Qin Chunxiu ,
  • Ma Xubu ,
  • Wang Yulong ,
  • Li Fan
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  • 1 School of Public Administration, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105;
    2 School of Economics and Management, Xidian University, Xi'an 710126
Liu Yaxi, Lecturer, PhD; Qin Chunxiu, Department Chair, Professor, PhD, Corresponding Author, E-mail: cxqin@xidian.edu.cn; Ma Xubu, Professor, PhD; Wang Yulong, Doctoral Candidate; Li Fan, Doctoral Candidate.

Received date: 2025-06-05

  Revised date: 2025-08-02

  Online published: 2026-08-20

Supported by

This work is supported by the National Social Science Fund of China project titled “Research on Scenario-Driven Fine-Grained Organization and Precision Service Models for Literature Resources in China’s Critical Core Domains” (Grant No. 22ATQ002).

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摘要

[目的/意义] 知识社区已发展为动态知识库，其用户常面临目标模糊、路径不确定的探索式搜索情境，可划分为学习型与研究型两类。尽管两类任务在认知目标、加工深度及资源需求上存在本质差异，但现有研究尚未揭示其用户认知行为差异，导致知识社区难以提供自适应功能支持。[方法/过程] 鉴于眼动数据能反映注意力分布与认知状态，本研究开展一项眼动实验（N=31），从认知复杂度视角出发操纵4类任务（低认知复杂—学习型、高认知复杂—学习型、低认知复杂—研究型和高认知复杂—研究型），探究知识社区中不同类型探索式搜索者的眼动行为模式和社会化行为差异。[结果/结论] 对比学习型搜索者，研究型搜索者呈现更长的注视时长、更多的注视次数、回视次数，更少的眼跳次数，并表现出更丰富的社会化行为。高认知复杂任务诱发更多回视次数，且认知复杂度扩大学习型与研究型搜索者在回视次数上的差异。此外，不同类型探索式搜索者对社交化功能的注意力分配亦存在显著差异。研究结果细粒度增进对学习型和研究型探索式任务下社区用户眼动和社会化行为差异的理解；实践上为开发自适应知识社区提供认知科学依据，以支持差异化任务需求并降低用户认知负荷。

关键词： 知识社区; 探索式搜索; 学习型搜索; 研究型搜索; 认知复杂度; 眼动追踪; 社会化行为

本文引用格式

刘亚希 , 秦春秀 , 马续补 , 王玉龙 , 李凡 . 知识社区中学习型与研究型探索式搜索者的眼动差异研究：基于认知复杂度视角[J]. 图书情报工作, 2026 , 70(16) : 200 -211 . DOI: 10.13266/j.issn.0252-3116.2026.16.031

Abstract

[Purpose/Significance] Knowledge communities have evolved into dynamic knowledge repositories where users frequently encounter exploratory search characterized by ambiguous goals and uncertain paths. These tasks are categorized into learning and investigation types. Despite their fundamental differences in cognitive objectives, processing depth, and resource demands, existing research has yet to reveal user cognitive behavior differences between these two task types, hindering the development of adaptive functional support in knowledge communities. [Method/Process] Given that eye movement can reflect attentional distribution and cognitive states, this study conducted an eye-tracking experiment (N=31) manipulating four task conditions (low cognitive complexity-learning, high cognitive complexity-learning, low cognitive complexity-investigation, and high cognitive complexity-investigation) from a cognitive complexity perspective, aiming to examine eye movement patterns and social behavior differences among different types of exploratory searchers in knowledge communities. [Result/Conclusion] Compared with learning searchers, investigation searchers exhibited significantly longer fixation durations, more fixation counts, more regression counts, fewer saccade counts, and richer social behaviors. High cognitive complexity tasks induced more regressions and amplified the differences in regression counts between learning and investigation tasks. Additionally, significant differences were observed in attentional allocation to social features across task types. These findings provide granular insights into eye movement and social behavior differences under different exploratory tasks. Practically, this research offers cognitive science-based evidence for developing adaptive knowledge communities, enabling support for differentiated task requirements and reducing users’ cognitive load.

Key words： knowledge communities; exploratory search; learning search; investigation search; cognitive complexity; eye-tracking; social behaviors

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