[目的/意义]推动我国图书馆的口述文献采集工作，提升我国图书馆口述文献利用服务水平。[方法/过程]通过网络、文献、邮件等方式，对美国国会图书馆下属的美国民俗生活中心进行全面调研，对其开展的退伍军人历史、职业民俗、民权口述历史调查和洛马克斯家族等典型项目进行介绍总结，在此基础上分析该中心开展口述文献采集与利用的经验。[结果/结论]分析结果认为，该中心积极利用数字技术与平台、探索多元化采集模式、加强与社会组织合作、设立各种基金与倡导捐款、尊重参与者合法权益等做法和经验，对我国图书馆界具有一定的借鉴意义。
[Purpose/significance] The paper aims to promote the collection of oral literature and improve the service level of oral literature utilization in Chinese libraries.[Method/process] By means of Internet, literature, mail and other research methods, this paper conducts a comprehensive survey of the American Folklife Center under the Library of Congress, introduces and summarizes the typical projects of Veteran History, Professional Folklife, Civil Rights Oral History Survey and The Lomax Family, and on this basis, analyses the collection and utilization of oral literature carried out by the center.[Result/conclusion] The analysis results show that the practice and experience of the center in actively utilizing digital technology and platforms, exploring diversified collection modes, strengthening cooperation with social organizations, establishing various funds and advocating donations, respecting the legitimate rights and interests of participants are of certain reference significance to the library in China.
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