图书情报工作

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2025 , Vol. 69 >Issue 12: 114 - 126

DOI: https://doi.org/10.13266/j.issn.0252-3116.2025.12.010

研究论文

跨国流动对诺奖科学家职业成长的影响分析——基于生命历程视角的研究

  • 阮伟南 ,
  • 张志强 ,
  • 张雪
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  • 1 中国科学院成都文献情报中心 成都 610299;
    2 中国科学院大学经济与管理学院信息资源管理系 北京 100190;
    3 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所 乌鲁木齐 830011;
    4 西安电子科技大学经济与管理学院 西安 710126
阮伟南，博士研究生；张志强，研究员，博士生导师，通信作者，E-mail：zhangzq@clas.ac.cn；张雪，讲师，博士。

收稿日期: 2024-07-22

  修回日期: 2024-09-09

  网络出版日期: 2025-06-11

基金资助

本文系教育部人文社会科学青年基金项目“重大科研项目团队学科交叉测度及其对颠覆性创新的影响研究”（项目编号24YJC870017）和中国科学技术协会发展战略部项目“国际科技政策趋势跟踪研究”（CG20240517049）研究成果之一。

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Analysis of the Influence of Transnational Mobility on the Career Development of Nobel Prize Scientists: A Study from the Perspective of Life Course

  • Ruan Weinan ,
  • Zhang Zhiqiang ,
  • Zhang Xue
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  • 1 National Science Library (Chengdu), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610299;
    2 Department of Information Resources Management, School of Economics and Management, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190;
    3 The Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011;
    4 School of Economics and Management, Xidian University, Xi'an 710126
Ruan Weinan,doctoral candidate;Zhang Zhiqiang,researcher,doctoral supervisor,corresponding author,E-mail:zhangzq@clas.ac.cn;Zhang Xue,Lecturer,PhD.

Received date: 2024-07-22

  Revised date: 2024-09-09

  Online published: 2025-06-11

Supported by

This work is supported by the project of the youth project of Humanities and Social Sciences of the Ministry of Education titled “Interdisciplinary Measurement of Major Scientific Research Project Teams and its Impact on disruptive Innovation” (Grant No. 24YJC870017), and Development Strategy Department of China Association for Science and Technology “International Science and Technology Policy Trend Tracking Research”(Grant No. CG20240517049).

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摘要

[目的/意义] 随着大国间科技竞争的加剧，对杰出科学家的争夺成为核心，因此科学家的跨国流动也愈发频繁。深入探讨诺贝尔奖科学家在长期历史背景下的跨国流动及其在不同国家和文化环境中的职业成长差异，能够为研究者提供更加全面的视角，以完善对跨国流动如何影响科学家职业成长的理解。[方法/过程] 选取1945年至2022年间的502位诺贝尔奖科学家作为样本，系统描述这些科学家的跨国流动特征。通过综合运用KaplanMeier生存模型和Cox回归生存分析方法，对科学家的职业成长进行深入研究，揭示诺贝尔奖科学家的跨国流动与其职业成长之间的复杂关系。[结果/结论] 研究结果表明，跨国流动目的地与科学家的职业成长之间存在显著相关关系。此外，性别差异、教育经历及学科差异等因素也对跨国流动科学家的职业成长产生重要影响。这些发现不仅为科学家职业成长的研究提供新的理论视角，也为国家科技政策的制定与实施提供重要参考依据。

关键词： 诺贝尔奖科学家; 职业成长; 生存分析; 履历分析; 跨国流动

本文引用格式

阮伟南 , 张志强 , 张雪 . 跨国流动对诺奖科学家职业成长的影响分析——基于生命历程视角的研究[J]. 图书情报工作, 2025 , 69(12) : 114 -126 . DOI: 10.13266/j.issn.0252-3116.2025.12.010

Abstract

[Purpose/Significance] As scientific and technological competition among major powers intensifies, the demand for outstanding scientists has become more urgent, which leads to an increasing frequency of international mobility among scientists. In-depth discussion on the transnational mobility of Nobel prize-winning scientists in the long-term historical context and the differences in their career growth in different countries and cultural environments can provide researchers with a more comprehensive perspective to improve the understanding of how transnational mobility affects scientists’ career growth. [Method/Process] This study selected 502 Nobel scientists between 1945 and 2022 as samples, and systematically described their transnational mobility characteristics. By applying the Kaplan-Meier survival model and Cox regression survival analysis, this paper deeply investigated the career growth of scientists, and revealed the complex relationship between the transnational mobility of Nobel scientists and their career progress. [Result/Conclusion] The results show that there is a significant relationship between the destination country of transnational mobility and scientists’ career growth. In addition, factors such as gender differences, educational experiences and discipline differences also significantly influenc the career growth of transnational scientists. These findings not only provide new theoretical perspectives for the study of scientists’ career growth, but also offer important references for the formulation and implementation of China’s science and technology policy.

Key words： Nobel prize-winning scientist; career growth; survival analysis; resume analysis; life course

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