图书情报工作

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2026 , Vol. 70 >Issue 17: 123 - 137

DOI: https://doi.org/10.13266/j.issn.0252-3116.2026.17.009

研究论文

基于全文本引文内容的期刊过度自引行为特征分析

  • 刘运梅 ,
  • 李冉 ,
  • 盛小平
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  • 上海大学文化遗产与信息管理学院 上海 200444
刘运梅，副教授，博士，硕士生导师；李冉，硕士研究生；盛小平，教授，博士，博士生导师，通信作者，E-mail：shengxp68@126.com。

收稿日期: 2025-07-02

  修回日期: 2025-09-15

  网络出版日期: 2026-08-20

基金资助

本文系国家自然科学基金青年项目“基于全文本引文解构的引用失范行为识别与生成机理研究”（项目编号：72304181）研究成果之一。

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Analysis of the Characteristics of Excessive Self-Citation Behavior in Journals Based on Full-Text Citation Content

  • LIU Yunmei ,
  • LI Ran ,
  • SHENG Xiaoping
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  • School of Cultural Heritage and Information Management, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444
Liu Yunmei, Associate Professor, PhD, Master’s Supervisor; Li Ran, Master’s Candidate; Sheng Xiaoping, Professor, PhD, Doctoral Supervisor, Corresponding Author, E-mail: shengxp68@126.com.

Received date: 2025-07-02

  Revised date: 2025-09-15

  Online published: 2026-08-20

Supported by

This work is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China’s Youth Project titled “Research on the Identification and Generation Mechanism of Citation Misconduct Based on Full-text Citation Deconstruction” (Grant No. 72304181).

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摘要

[目的/意义]在学术不端事件频发背景下，期刊的过度自引现象日益隐蔽，传统量化指标难以识别期刊的过度自引行为，亟需内容语义层面的细粒度分析，为优化学术生态系统治理提供决策依据。[方法/过程]基于引文内容语义分析，构建包含引用位置、引用距离、引用深度、引用功能、引用强度及语义相似度的六维度自引行为标注框架。以被SSCI剔除的过度自引期刊Library Hi Tech和同领域权威期刊Information & Management为样本，通过对比分析揭示过度自引的微观特征。[结果/结论]研究发现：第一，过度自引多集中于引言与讨论等非核心位置，表现为短距离、浅层次、单一功能、语义关联薄弱；第二，合理自引在方法中分布更广，功能多样，且语义关联性显著更高。研究揭示期刊过度自引“非核心位置—浅层引用—密集引用—功能单一—低语义关联”的机械化引用特征，为期刊及论文维度的异常自引行为的智能化监测提供理论依据与方法支撑。

关键词： 引文内容; 过度自引; 引用操纵; 自引行为; 语义相似度

本文引用格式

刘运梅 , 李冉 , 盛小平 . 基于全文本引文内容的期刊过度自引行为特征分析[J]. 图书情报工作, 2026 , 70(17) : 123 -137 . DOI: 10.13266/j.issn.0252-3116.2026.17.009

Abstract

[Purpose/Signficance] In the context of frequent academic misconduct, the phenomenon of excessive self-citation in journals has become increasingly concealed. Traditional quantitative indicators are insufficient for detecting strategic self-citation behaviors, creating an urgent need for fine-grained analysis at the content-semantic level to support decision-making in optimizing academic ecosystem governance. [Method/Process] This study develops, for the first time, a six-dimensional annotation framework for analyzing self-citation behavior from the perspective of citation content semantics. The framework covers citation position, citation distance, citation depth, citation function, citation strength, and semantic similarity. Library Hi Tech—a journal removed from SSCI due to strategic self-citation—and Information & Management—a leading journal in the same field—are selected as comparative samples. Through detailed comparative analysis, the study explores the microscopic features of strategic self-citation behaviors. [Result/Conclusion] First, strategic self-citations are primarily concentrated in non-core sections such as the introduction(30%) and discussion(25%), and are characterized by short citation distance(37% occur within the same sentence), shallow citation depth(81% are shallow citations), limited functional diversity(43% are simple citations), and weak semantic relevance(34% fall below 0.5). Second, legitimate self-citations are more widely distributed across sections such as methods(25%), exhibit more diverse functions(e.g., inspiration, extension, application), and demonstrate significantly higher semantic relevance, with 36% falling within the 0.7–0.8 range. This study uncovers the mechanized citation pattern underlying strategic self-citation in journals, characterized by citation practices concentrated in non-core sections, shallow citation depth, intensive citation clustering, limited functional diversity, and low semantic relevance. It provides a theoretical foundation and methodological framework for the intelligent detection of abnormal self-citation behaviors in academic publishing at both the journal and article levels.

Key words： citation content; strategic self-citation; citation manipulation; self-citation behavior; semantic similarity

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