[Purpose/significance] By analyzing and discussing the status quo and characteristics of the service positions for children and youth in American public libraries, this paper provides a new perspective to study the needs and services for children and youth in public libraries and provides reference for the development of the service positions for children and youth in Chinese public libraries.[Method/process] The paper collected the recruitment advertisements for children and youth service positions published on the American Library Association Joblist, and then used content analysis to analyze the position descriptions and qualifications of children and youth service positions in the American public libraries.[Result/conclusion] The study found that in terms of position settings, the children and youth service positions in the American public libraries are mainly based on the service object and supplemented by the service content. In terms of professional competencies, the service positions for children and youth have greater demands for the ability to "programming skills" and "outreach and advocacy". In terms of knowledge and skills, the service positions of children and youth in American public libraries are characterized by "for readers" and "adapting to the needs of the times". In addition, American children and youth service positions usually consider "work experience" as an important reference standard, while focusing on the equivalent combination of education and experience. Finally, the paper discusses the development of the service positions for children and youth in public libraries in China from three aspects:the "targeted" setting, "standardization" support and "professional" development.
Lu Jinyi
,
Xu Jianhua
,
Wang Hanqing
,
Wu Qiao
. Research on Children and Youth Service Positions in American Public Libraries:Content analysis based on ALA Joblist[J]. Library and Information Service, 2021
, 65(2)
: 137
-146
.
DOI: 10.13266/j.issn.0252-3116.2021.02.014
[1] 中国人大网.中华人民共和国未成年人保护法[EB/OL].[2020-04-05].http://www.npc.gov.cn/wxzl/gongbao/2013-02/25/content_1790872.htm.
[2] Policygenius. The age of majority (and the UTMA account distribution age) in every state[EB/OL].[2020-01-06]. https://www.policygenius.com/retirement/age-of-majority-by-state/#:~:text=Every%20state%20sets%20their%20own%20age%20of%20majority,it%20at%2021.%20Age%20of%20majority%20by%20state.
[3] 童万菊.中美公共图书馆未成年人服务比较研究[D].合肥:安徽大学,2014.
[4] IFLA. IFLA guidelines for library services to children aged 0-18[EB/OL].[2020-04-11].https://www.ifla.org/publications/node/67343.
[5] MCDOWELL K. The cultural origins of youth services librarianship,1876-1900[D]. Urbana:University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign,2007.
[6] 张丽.英国公共图书馆未成年人服务发展历史研究[J].图书与情报,2013(4):29-33.
[7] 张丽.1876-1976年美国图书馆未成年人服务发展历史研究[J].中国图书馆学报,2011,37(1):93-101.
[8] 张丽.我国图书馆未成年人服务研究的主要历史时期探析[J].山东图书馆学刊,2015(4):29-33.
[9] ELLIS A. Public library services for children in England and Wales, 1960-1974[J]. Journal of librarianship & information science, 1974, 6(1):10-27.
[10] 黄如花,邱春艳.美国公共图书馆未成年人服务的特点[J].中国图书馆学报,2013,39(4):48-58.
[11] 黄如花,李英子.日本公共图书馆未成年人服务的特点[J].图书与情报,2013(6):52-56.
[12] 韩永进.中国图书馆事业发展报告少年儿童图书馆卷[M].北京:北京图书馆出版社,2017.
[13] 刘兹恒,武娇.公共图书馆未成年人服务的指导文件——学习《中国儿童发展纲要(2011-2020年)》[J].图书与情报,2012(1):1-3,66.
[14] 张丽.公共图书馆法未成年人服务条款:基于托马斯"五因素"理论的阐释[J].图书馆,2018(4):12-17.
[15] 方诗雅,范并思.图书馆未成年人服务理念的新发展——《国际图联0-18岁儿童图书馆服务指南》的启示[J].图书馆论坛,2019,39(9):93-99.
[16] MORGAN G. Dare to explore:keeping Auckland's children reading and learning over summer[J]. Aplis,2012(4):192-200.
[17] STAUFFER M S. Developing children's interest in reading[J].Library trends, 2007,56(2):402-422.
[18] 熊惠霖,黄如花.英国公共图书馆未成年人阅读服务的实践及启示[J].图书馆建设,2013(8):36-39.
[19] 陆晓红.我国公共图书馆儿童阅读推广模式研究[D].天津:南开大学,2014.
[20] 范并思.拓展图书馆未成年人阅读服务[J].图书与情报,2013(2):2-5.
[21] JENKINS C. International harmony:threat or menace? U.S. youth services librarians and cold war censorship, 1946-1955[J]. libraries & culture, 2001, 36(1):116-130.
[22] HEDEMARK Å, LINDBERG J. Stories of storytime:the discursive shaping of professional identity among Swedish children's librarians[C]//Uppsala University. Proceedings of the ninth international conference on conceptions of library and information science. Borås:Information research,2017.
[23] SMITH D. Collaboration between rural school and public youth services librarians[J]. New library world, 2014, 115(3/4):160-174.
[24] MCGRATG L A. Service to children in the Toronto public library:A case study,1912-1949[D]. Toronto:University of Toronto,2005.
[25] 李雅.论儿童图书馆员的素养[J].图书馆,2011(5):104-106.
[26] 步坤.美国图书馆面向未成年人服务的馆员能力分析及其启示[J].新世纪图书馆,2015(1):67-71.
[27] ALSC. Competencies for librarians serving children in public libraries[EB/OL].[2020-04-11]. http://www.ala.org/alsc/edcareeers/alsccorecomps.
[28] YALSA. Teen services competencies for library staff[EB/OL].[2020-04-11]. http://www.ala.org/yalsa/sites/ala.org.yalsa/files/content/YALSA_TeenCompetencies_web_Final.pdf.
[29] 张丽.图书馆儿童服务需要专业化的图书馆员[C]//中国图书馆学会.中国图书馆学会年会论文集(2014年卷).北京:国家图书馆出版社,2014:181-186.
[30] 赵康.专业、专业属性及判断成熟专业的六条标准——一个社会学角度的分析[J].社会学研究,2000(5):30-39.
[31] 全国报刊索引.面对灾情,百年前的图书馆在做什么?[EB/OL].[2020-03-26]. http://www.cnbksy.cn/portal/pushManager/pushItem?id=2703&source=index.
[32] THOMAS F H. The genesis of children's services in the American public library:1875-1906[D]. USA:University of Wisconsin-Madision,1982.
