[Purpose/Significance] Based on the discipline of information resource management, this paper deeply analyzed the knowledge connotation and characteristics of the South China Sea rights protection field, and explored the construction path of the South China Sea rights protection information resource management knowledge system. [Method/Process] This paper elaborated and analyzed the construction path of the knowledge system for South China Sea rights protection information resource management from five aspects: knowledge input, knowledge construction, knowledge comparison, knowledge extension, and knowledge practice. Among them, the target knowledge for knowledge input included the litigation object, legal dispute, factual dispute, and evidence dispute of South China Sea rights protection; knowledge building methods included knowledge classification, knowledge extraction, knowledge fusion, knowledge association, knowledge discovery and knowledge evaluation; knowledge comparison mainly solved the semantic fusion and correlation problem of multimodal knowledge in South China Sea rights protection; knowledge extension took legal analysis of evidence chain, identification of historical evidence, spatial analysis of the South China Sea, and construction of intelligent evidence chain as the interdisciplinary knowledge boundary; knowledge practice included the framework and indexing of evidence knowledge elements, the extraction and representation of evidence knowledge elements, the fusion and association of evidence knowledge elements, and the construction of the evidence chain think tank. [Result/Conclusion] The South China Sea rights protection information resource management knowledge system is an organic unity of the autonomy of the information resource management “serving the national strategy” and the functionality of the “South China Sea rights protection”. It systematically connects the South China Sea rights protection information resources, deeply shapes the thinking mode of understanding the South China Sea rights protection, and accumulates valuable theoretical knowledge system and practical experience for the information resource management discipline to serve the national major strategy.