[Purpose/Significance] This paper summarizes the main contents of the U.S. OSTP national OA policy, analyzes the implementation mechanism of the new version of the national OA policy in the United States, judges the strategy understanding and policy propositions of the United States regarding OA, and proposes enlightenment and suggestions for China. [Method/Process] Utilizing the National Open Access Policy documents issued by the U.S. OSTP, this study conducted a comprehensive examination and systematic analysis of the U.S. National Open Access Policy, focusing on its policy content and implementation mechanisms. Additionally, it incorporated the research reports submitted to Congress by the OSTP and recent practical developments to evaluate the U.S. government’s strategy understanding and policy propositions regarding open access. [Result/Conclusion] The United States has elevated open access to the level of national strategy and comprehensively promoted the implementation of the new version of the national open access policy. China should also re-examine the significance of formulating its national open access strategy, clarify its policy proposals on open access, design scientific reasonable policy content, accelerate the introduction of open access policies, and establish relevant supporting measures to promote policy implementation.
Zhang Zhixiong
,
Zhang Na
,
Liu Fenghong
,
Zhang Mengting
,
Du Xingye
. Analysis of the U.S. OSTP National Open Access Policy and Its Implications for China[J]. Library and Information Service, 2025
, 69(2)
: 3
-12
.
DOI: 10.13266/j.issn.0252-3116.2025.02.001
[1] OSTP. Updated report to the U.S. Congress on financing mechanisms for open access publishing of federally funded research[EB/OL]. [2024-12-17]. https://www.whitehouse.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/2024-Report-to-AppropriationsCommittee-on-Scholarly-Publishing-and-Public-AccessImplementation.pdf.
[2] 王译晗. 国外科研机构开放科学政策及其启示[J]. 数字图书馆论坛, 2024, 20(5): 1-12. (WANG Y H. Open science policy of research institutions abroad and its implications[J]. Digital library forum, 2024, 20(5): 1-12.)
[3] WAKELING S, KINGSLEY D, JAMALI H, et al. Free for all, or free-for-all? A content analysis of Australian university open access policies[J]. Information research, 2022, 27(2): 1-21.
[4] 赵延东, 黄磊, 梅亮. 科学资助组织推动开放科学发展政策的比较研究——以开放获取为例[J]. 中国软科学, 2020(3): 57-65. (ZHAO Y D, HUANG L, MEI L. Acomparison research of the open science development policy practice of the scientific fundingorganization: evidences from open access policy[J]. China soft science, 2020(3): 57-65.)
[5] 丁献峰, 张新鹤, 吴菁. 我国学术期刊开放获取政策现状及制定策略研究[J]. 中国科技期刊研究, 2018, 29(11): 1078-1084. (DING X F, ZHANG X H, WU J. Current situation and formulation strategies of open access policy for academic journals in China[J]. Chinese journal of scientific and technical periodicals, 2018, 29(11): 1078-1084.)
[6] 郁林羲. Elsevier开放获取政策及措施研究[J]. 科技与出版, 2020(5): 89-98. (YU L X. Research on Elsevier’s open access policy and measures[J]. Science-technology & publication, 2020(5): 89-98.)
[7] 周玲元, 李水茂, 段隆振. 国外开放存取的国家层面政策进展评述[J]. 情报杂志, 2014, 33(4): 41-45, 64. (ZHOU L Y, LI S M, DUAN L Z. Recent development of national level open access policies overseas[J]. Journal of intelligence, 2014, 33(4): 41-45, 64.)
[8] 蔡忠伟. 国家政策驱动下的日本开放获取实践进展[J]. 科技与出版, 2023(9): 97-106. (CAI Z W. Progress of open access practice in Japan driven by national policy[J]. Science-technology & publication, 2023(9): 97-106.)
[9] Ministry of Higher Education, Research & Innovation. Second French Plan for Open Science[EB/OL]. [2024-12-17]. https://www.ouvrirlascience.fr/second-national-plan-for-open-science/.
[10] 陈传夫, 蒋子可. 财政资助的基础研究论文强制性开放获取政策构建研究[J]. 情报杂志, 2022, 41(12): 164-169, 148. (CHEN C F, JIANG Z K. On the construction of mandatory open access policy for finance-funded basic research papers in China[J]. Journal of intelligence, 2022, 41(12): 164-169, 148.)
[11] 陈传夫, 黄一澄. 开放获取赤字与开放获取公共政策构建研究 [J]. 中国软科学, 2024(3): 66-75. (CHEN C F, HUANG Y C. Research on the open access deficit and the construction of open access public policy[J]. China soft science, 2024(3): 66-75.)
[12] 杨卫, 刘细文, 黄金霞, 等. 构筑开放科学行动路线图把握开放科学发展机遇[J]. 中国科学院院刊, 2023, 38(6): 783-794. (YANF W, LIU X W, HUANG J X, et al. Building roadmap for open science action: seizing global development opportunities[J]. Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 2023, 38(6): 783-794.)
[13] 丁大尉, 钟灿涛. NIH强制性开放获取政策实施中的利益博弈——基于多元行动者交互作用的分析视角[J]. 图书情报工 作, 2013, 57(6): 43-48. (DING D W, ZHONG C T. Interest game in NIH’s mandatory open access policy: from the view of multiple actors Interaction[J]. Library and information service, 2013, 57(6): 43-48.)
[14] 付晚花, 肖冬梅. 美国NIH公共获取政策及对我们的启示 [J]. 图书馆杂志, 2008(10): 59-62. (FU W H, XIAO D M. NIH public access policy and its reference to China[J]. Library journal, 2008(10): 59-62.)
[15] 王英, 叶兰, 胡燕菘. 美国OSTP公共访问新政策指南的解读与启示[J]. 图书情报工作, 2023, 67(18): 69-80. (WANG Y, YE L, HU Y S. The interpretation and enlightenment of American OSTP new public access policy guidance[J]. Library and information service, 2023, 67(18): 69-80.)
[16] The White House. National policy on the transfer of scientific, technical, and engineering information[EB/OL]. [2024-12-17]. https://www.reaganlibrary.gov/public/archives/reference/scanned-nsdds/nsdd189.pdf.
[17] National Institutes of Health. NIH public access policy details[EB/OL]. [2024-12-17]. https://sharing.nih.gov/publicaccess-policy/public-access-policy-overview.
[18] 廖建军. 美国政府“ 开放获取” 政策及其对美国的影响[J]. 图书馆, 2018(4): 58-62, 105. (LIAO J J. American government “open access” policies and their impacts on the U.S.A[J]. Library, 2018(4): 58-62, 105.)
[19] MICHAEL S. Expanding public access to the results of federally funded research[EB/OL]. [2024-12-17]. https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/blog/2013/02/22/expandingpublic-access-results-federally-funded-research.
[20] OSTP. Increasing access to the results of federally funded scientific research[EB/OL]. [2024-12-17]. https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/sites/default/files/microsites/ostp/ostp_public_access_memo_2013.pdf.
[21] OSTP. Ensuring free, immediate, and equitable access to federally funded research[EB/OL]. [2024-12-17]. https://www.whitehouse.gov/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/08-2022-OSTPPublic-Access-Memo.pdf.
[22] LANDER E S. 2021 public access congressional report[EB/OL]. [2024-12-17]. https://www.whitehouse.gov/wp-content/uploads/2022/02/2021-Public-Access-Congressional-Report_OSTP.pdf.
[23] NSTC. Charter of the subcommittee on open sciencecommittee on science national science and technology council[EB/OL]. [2024-12-17]. https://www.whitehouse.gov/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/08-2022-SOS-NSTC-CHARTER.pdf.
[24] Science.gov. Public access plans & guidance[EB/OL]. [2024-12-17]. https://www.science.gov/Public-Access-Plans-Guidance.html.
[25] NSF. How can public access advance equity and learning?[EB/OL]. [2024-12-17]. https://new.nsf.gov/events/how-can-publicaccess-advance-equity-learning.
[26] OSTP. Report to the U.S. Congress on financing mechanisms for open access publishing of federally funded research[EB/OL]. [2024-12-17]. https://www.whitehouse.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/Open-Access-Publishing-of-ScientificResearch.pdf.
[27] Budapest Open Access Initiative. The Budapest Open Access Initiative 20th anniversary recommendations[EB/OL]. [2024-12-17]. https://www.budapestopenaccessinitiative.org/boai20.
[28] NSF. EAGER: investigating reasonable costs to achieve public access to federally funded research and scientific data[EB/OL]. [2024-12-17]. https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2330827.
[29] cOAlition S. cOAlition S confirms the end of its financial support for open access publishing under transformative arrangements after 2024[EB/OL]. [2024-12-17]. https://www.coalition-s.org/coalition-s-confirms-the-end-of-its-financial-support-foropen-access-publishing-under-transformative-arrangementsafter-2024/.
[30] Fishery Bulletin. A peer-reviewed, open access, no fee, online early journal[EB/OL]. [2024-12-17]. https://fisherybulletin.nmfs. noaa.gov/fb.htm.
[31] Lyrasis. Better together: BTAA Libraries, CDL and Lyrasiscommit to strengthen Diamond Open Access in the United States[EB/OL]. [2024-12-17]. https://librarytechnology.org/pr/29989/bettertogether-btaa-libraries-cdl-and-lyrasis-commit-tostrengthen-diamond-open-access-in-the-united-states.
[32] MIT Press. shift+OPEN: an MIT Press initiative to flip subscription journals to open access[EB/OL]. [2024-12-17]. https://mitpress.mit.edu/shiftopen/.
[33] National Institutes of Health. Reporting preprints and other interim research products[EB/OL]. [2024-12-17]. https://grants.nih.gov/grants/guide/notice-files/NOT-OD-17-050.html.
[34] 杨卫, 刘细文, 黄金霞, 等. 我国开放科学政策体系构建研究[J]. 中国科学院院刊, 2023, 38(6): 829-844. (YANG W, LIU X W, HUANG J X, et al. Research on China’s open science policy system[J]. Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 2023, 38(6): 829-844.)
[35] 杨卫. 中国开放科学的两大考验、三道门槛、四条途径[EB/OL]. [2024-09-26]. https://www.cast.org.cn/zk/ZKGD/art/2022/art_2a4508a093de4a998c52dc5e4d8dfd30.html. (YANG W. The two major tests, three thresholds, and four pathways of open science in China[EB/OL]. [2024-09-26]. https://www.cast.org.cn/zk/ZKGD/art/2022/art_2a4508a093de4a998c52dc5e4d8dfd30.html.)
